142836
Beschreibung
Mindmap von mawbyharriet, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von mawbyharriet
vor mehr als 13 Jahre
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Musculoskeletal System
- Functions of muscular tissue
- Producing body movement
- Stalbalising body positions
- Storing and moving substances within the body
- Generating heat
- Producing body movement
- Types of muscular tissue
- Cardiac - involuntary
- Endocardium, myocardium, pericardium. Exclusive to the
heart. Contracts to squeeze blood out of the heart. Does not tire.
- Endocardium, myocardium, pericardium. Exclusive to the
heart. Contracts to squeeze blood out of the heart. Does not tire.
- Smooth (visceral)
- Found in internal muscles. Functions include: - peristalsis in
digestive system - goosebumps -involuntary
- Found in internal muscles. Functions include: - peristalsis in
digestive system - goosebumps -involuntary
- Skeletal (striated)
- Attached to the skeletal by tendons. Functions: -
movement, posture, heat production, voluntary.
- Attached to the skeletal by tendons. Functions: -
movement, posture, heat production, voluntary.
- Cardiac - involuntary
- Describe the structure
- Cardiac
- Striations
- muscle fibres are short and intercalated discs.
- Network of autorythmic fibres
- Striations
- Smooth
- unstriated
- Contains single nucleus
- No sheath
- 2 Types: Visceral (single unit) and Multi-unit.
- unstriated
- Skeletal
- Cylindrical fibres
- Multi-nucleated
- Striated
- Complex
- Cylindrical fibres
- Cardiac
- List the components and functions of the skeletal system
- Axial Skeleton - Central
- Appendicular Skeleton - girdles and appendages
- FUNCTIONS:
- Provides a framework
- Movement
- Mineral storage
- Protection
- Homeostasis
- Provides a framework
- Axial Skeleton - Central
- Identify the 5 types of bone
- Long (humerus)
- Short (trapazoid)
- Irregular (vertebrae)
- Flat (Sternum)
- Sesamoid (patella)
- Long (humerus)
- microscopic and macroscopic bone structure
- OSTEOGENIC CELLS ( -genic = producing)
- Unspecialised stem cell, only bone cells that undergo
cell division. Found: inner portion of periosteum,
endosteum, canals within bone carrying blood vessels.
- Unspecialised stem cell, only bone cells that undergo
cell division. Found: inner portion of periosteum,
endosteum, canals within bone carrying blood vessels.
- OSTEOBLASTS ( -blasts = buds or sprouts)
- Bone building cells. Functions: >Synethesise and
secrete collagen fibres and other componenets of
extracellular matrix. >Initiate calcification
- Bone building cells. Functions: >Synethesise and
secrete collagen fibres and other componenets of
extracellular matrix. >Initiate calcification
- OSTEOCYTES ( - clasts = break)
- Large cells formed from fusion - up to 50 monocytes. > Found in endosteum > Resorption
- Large cells formed from fusion - up to 50 monocytes. > Found in endosteum > Resorption
- OSTEOGENIC CELLS ( -genic = producing)
- Muscle
- Composed of cells that can contract to produce movement
- Cells are also called muscle fibres
- Around 650 muscles in the body - half of body weight
- Movement is either voluntary or involuntary
- Composed of cells that can contract to produce movement
- Major muscles groups
- Muscles used to administer intramusclular injections
- Deltoid (Shoulder)
- Vastus lateralis and rectus femoral (thigh)
- Dorsogluteal (bottom)
- Ventrogluteal (side of bottom)
- Deltoid (Shoulder)
- BACK: - Trapezius - Lattissmus Dorsi
- CHEST: - Pectoralis major -
External oblique
- ABDOMEN: - Rectus
abdominis - External oblique
- LEG: - Gluteus Maximus - Vastus
lateralis - Rectus femoris -
Gastronemuis
- Arm: - Deltoid -Triceps brachii - Biceps brachii - Brachialis
- Muscles used to administer intramusclular injections
- Bone growth and remodeling
- BONE GROWTH: throughout childhood and adolescence
- in thickness - in length
- BONE REMODELING: Continual renewal throughout life. Replacement of old bone
tissue by new involves: BONE RESORPTION: Removal of minerals and collagen by
osteoclasts. BONE DEPOSITION: Addition of minerals and collagen by osteoblasts.
- Factors affecting bone growth and remodeling: > Vitamins > Minerals > Hormones > Exercise
- BONE GROWTH: throughout childhood and adolescence
- in thickness - in length
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