Flashcards
Fundamentals of the Muscular System and Muscle Tissue
Cards in this deck (25)
- 1What are the 3 types of muscle tissue?skeletal
smooth
cardiac - 2Skeletal MuscleVOLUNTARY by SNS
STRIATED - somatic
makes up gross skeletal muscles
moves and stabilize bones - 3Cardiac MuscleINVOLUNTARY by ANS
STRIATED - visceral
forms most of heart and adjacent parts walls
pumps blood - 4Smooth MuscleINVOLUNTARY by ANS
UNSTRIATED - visceral
most vessels and hollow organs
move substances thru them by sequential contractions
(pulsations or peristalitic contractions) - 53 parts of Skeletal MuscleEndomysium
Perimysium
Epimysium - 62 types of Skeletal Fiber OrientationParallel
Pennate - 7What is a motor unit?motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it innervates
- small and large - 8In order for a muscle to work it...must cross a joint
- 9A muscle primarily performs its action based on...its attachment points
- 10What is muscle attachments?Its origin and insertion sites
or
proximal and distal attachments - 11Do all skeletal/striated muscle attach to bone?False, exceptions are the around eyes and in the fingers
- 12Aponeurosesflat sheet tendons that anchor the muscle to the skeleton and/or to deep fascia, or the aponeurosis of another muscle
- 13How are muscles named?Based on their function or bone attachment or based on their position or length.
- 14Flat Musclesparallel fibers with aponeurosis
Ex. external oblique or sartorius - 15Pennate Musclesfeather-like in arrangement of fascicles
can be unipennate, bipennate, multipennate
- 16Fusiform Musclesspindle shaped with round thick muscle belly and tapered ends
- 17Quadrate Musclehas 4 equal sides
Ex. rectus abdominis
- 18What functions do muscles have?Can be:
Prime movers (agonists)
Antagonist
Synergists
Fixators - 19Prime movers (agonist) Musclesproduces specific movement
- contracts concentrically
- does most of the work
Ex. bicep flexing - 20Antagonist Musclesopposes the action of another muscle
(aka. prime mover or synergists)
- eccentrically contacts
Ex. tricep to bicep flexing - 21Synergistscomplement prime movers actions
Directly or indirectly assist
Ex. trapezius in elevation of shoulders - 22Fixatorssteadies the proximal parts of a limb through isometric contraction while movement occurs at the distal part.
- can be shunt muscles. - 23What nerves supply skeletal muscles?Motor nerves
usually through the deep aspect of muscle. - 24What are the specific skeletal muscle functions?Contracting
Reflexive
Tonic Contraction
Active Contraction
Isotonic/Isometric change in length - 25Isotonic movements can either be...Concentric
(produce movement by shortening)
or
Eccentric
(movement by controlled relaxation)
Information
- Description
- CHAPTER 1 OF MOORE CLINICALLY ORIENTED ANATOMY
- Created by
- Britney Matthews
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