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1. network core

   • Packet-switching
     • : hosts break application-layer messages into packets
       • Forward packets from one router to the next, across links on path from source to destination
   • Circuit Switching
     • End-to-end resources allocated to call between source & destination

2. network edge

   • access network
     • The network that physically connects an end system to the first router
   • links
   • end system