Topic 8: Chemical Analysis

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Topic 8: Chemical Analysis
  1. Reactions With Gases
    1. Hydrogen
      1. reaction with magnesium + hydrochloric acid
        1. creates magnesium chloride + hydrogen
        2. test by placing a lit splint into the test tube
          1. creates a squeaky pop noise
          2. Mg + HCl
            1. MgCl2 + H2
          3. Carbon Dioxide
            1. reaction with hydrochloric acid + a carbonate
              1. creates carbon dioxide + water + [carbonate used] chloride
              2. test by limewater
                1. limewater will go cloudy
                2. HCl + CaCO3 [calcium example]
                  1. CO2 + H2O + CaCl2
                3. Oxygen
                  1. hydrogen peroxide
                    1. water + oxygen
                    2. place glowing splint inside test tube
                      1. glowing splint will light
                      2. 2H2O2
                        1. 2H2O + O2
                      3. Chlorine
                        1. damp blue litmus paper
                          1. turns red then bleaches white
                          2. test by smelling
                            1. sharp, choking smell
                        2. Flame Tests
                          1. Test for metal ions
                            1. dip a clean wire into a sample of the compound being used
                              1. test by putting the loop into the edge of a blue flame from a bunsen burner
                            2. Colour change
                              1. Lithium
                                1. Sodium
                                  1. Potassium
                                    1. Calcium
                                      1. Barium
                                        1. Copper
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