Atmosphere

Atmosphere

1. COMPOSITION

   • NITROGEN (78%)
   • OXYGEN (21%)
     • produced in Photosynthesis
     • consumed in respiration
   • WATER VAPOR
   • TRACE GASES
     • Argon (0,93%)
     • Carbon Dioxide (0,04%)
     • Neon, Helium, Methane, Krypton, Hydrogen, Nitrous Oxide, Xenon, Ozone, Carbon monoxide, Sulfur dioxide, Nitrogen dioxide, Ammonisa (0,03%)

2. STRUCTURE

   • TROPOSPHERE
     • 8 TO 16 KM ABOVE THE SURFACE
     • HIGHER IN THE TROPICS, LOWER IN THE POLES
     • TEMPERATURE AND AIR DENSITY DECREASE WITH HEIGHT
     • TROPOPAUSE: Layer of cold air that causes water vapor to condense
   • STRATOSPHERE
     • 16 TO 50 KM ABOVE THE EARTH'S SURFACE
     • TEMPERATURE INCREASES WITH HEIGHT: WARMER AIR IS LOCATED ABOVE COOLER AIR
   • MESOSPHERE
     • 50 TO 85 KM ABOVE SURFACE
     • TEMPERATURE DECREASES WITH ALTITUDE
   • THERMOSPHERE
     • 85 TO 500 KM ABOVE THE EARTH'S SURFACE
     • TEMPERATURE RISES WITH HEIGHT

3. WEATHER

   • TEMPERATURE
     • IT HELD SO STEADY BECAUSE OF A BALANCE BETWEEN THE RADIATION ENERGY BACK TO SPACE AND THE ONE WE RECEIVE FROM THE SUN
     • HEAT
       • STORAGE: IN WINTER, SEA + LAND -. IN SUMMER, SEA - LAND +
       • SUN
         • RADIATION
           • ABSORPTION: when the particle itself becomes warmer as a result of radiation
           • REFLECTION is when the energy goes to another direction
           • RAYS
             • REACH THE EARTH AT THE EQUATOR (HIT WITH A 90° ANGLE)
               • EQUATOR (MORE INSOLATION)
             • REACH THE EARTH AT THE POLES WITH A LOWER ANGLE
         • FAR AWAY, REACHES THE EARTH IN PARALEL LINES OF RADIATION
       • HEAT MOVES BY WATER VAPOUR AND AIR

4. MOVEMENTS

   • WIND
     • CAUSED BY AIR MOVEMENTS FROM AREAS OF HIGH PRESSURE TO LOW PRESSURE

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