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Geography: Hard and soft engineering

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Mindmap am Geography: Hard and soft engineering, erstellt von louise.howard22 am 07/11/2014.
louise.howard22
Mindmap von louise.howard22, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
louise.howard22
Erstellt von louise.howard22 vor fast 12 Jahre
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Zusammenfassung der Ressource

Geography: Hard and soft engineering
  1. Hard
    1. Man made structures built to control the flow of rivers and reduce flooding
      1. Dams + Reservoirs
        1. Dams: Huge walls - Across rivers - Upper course Reservoirs: Artificial lake - Behind dam
          1. R: Store water - Drinking water - HEP
            1. Expensive - Flood existing settlements - Eroded material deposited - Farmland less fertile
            2. Channel straightening
              1. Course straightened - Artificial channeled
                1. Moves out of area quickly
                  1. Dis: Flooding downstream - Erosion downstream
                2. Soft
                  1. Schemes set up using knowledge of a river and its processes to reduce the effects of flooding
                    1. Flood warnings
                      1. Environment agency warn people through radio + TV
                        1. Time to remove items - Put sandbags out - Evacuate
                          1. Difficult to get insurance - Might not have access to warnings
                          2. Preperation
                            1. Modify buildings - Reduce damage - Plans
                              1. Less damage - Less worry
                              2. Doesnt guarantee safety - False sense of security - Expensive
                              3. Flood plain zoning
                                1. Prevent building on areas
                                  1. No impermeable surfaces
                                  2. Expantation limited
                                  3. Do nothing
                                    1. No money spent - Fertile land
                                      1. Risks not reduced
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