2.4 Computational Logic

2.4 Computational Logic

1. Binary

   • Binary is the representation of the 'presence' of electristy
   • if present or 'on' we use a: 1
     • if absent or 'off' we use a: 0
   • we can use this idea to change 1 and 0 states through the use of logic gates
     • logic gates take inputs and convert them into an output
   • used to change bits and perform calculations within a computer
   • Created by using transistors

2. Logic Circuit

   • Logic gates are the basic building blocks of any digital system. It is a circuit having one or more than one input and only one output. There are four main types of gate; NOT, AND, OR and XOR.

3. Transistor

   • A transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify or switch electronic signals and electrical power. It is composed of semiconductor material usually with at least three terminals for connection to an external circuit.

4. bit

   • A bit (short for binary digit) is the smallest unit of data in a computer. A bit has a single binary value, either 0 or 1. Although computers usually provide instructions that can test and manipulate bits, they generally are designed to store data and execute instructions in bit multiples called bytes.