OCR-Gateway B1 Human Health and Diet

OCR-Gateway B1 Human Health and Diet

1. A Balanced Diet

   • Includes: carbohydrate, protein, fat, vitamins, minerals, water, fiber
     • Important for good health
     • Carbohydrate made up of simple sugar
       • e.g glucose
     • Protein made up of amino acids
       • For growth and repair
       • Are not stored
     • Fat, made up of fatty acids and glycerol
       • eating too much
         • Carbohydrates --> stored in live as glycogen of converted into fat
         • Fats --> stored under skin (around organs as tissue)
   • Varies according to: age, gender, level of activity, religion, vegetarian or vegan, medical issures

2. Protein Intake

   • Needed for growth and repair
     • Important to eat correct amount
       • Calculated by EAR (Estimated Daily Requirement)
         • EAR (g) = 0.6 x body mass (kg)
         • Estimated figure on average person
         • Affected by body mass, age, pregnancy or breast feeding
   • TOO LESS PROTEIN
     • Causes Kwashirorkor
       • Common in LEDC countries
         • Countries overpopulated, have less money, less health care
   • Protein
     • Cannot be stored but can be converted into other amino acids
     • First-class protein
       • Meat & fish
       • Essential amino acids
         • Cannot be made by humans
     • Second-class protein
       • Plant protein
       • Do not contain essential amino acids

3. Overweight or Underweight

   • detected by: BMI (Body Mass Index)
     • BMI = mass (kg) / (height (m)squared
     • Overweight, normal, underweight, obese