Carbon NMR

Carbon NMR

1. Symmetry helps locate equivalent carbon environments

   • Number of different carbon environments= number of peaks
   • Height of peaks relates to number of equivalent carbons in that environment

2. Carbon 13 is used as it has an odd number of nucleons and therefore a spin

3. Radiowave radiation is used

4. Trimethylsilane (TMS) used as a standard (this is 0) so NMR spectra of all machines are the same, no matter what size each magnet is

5. Deuterated solvents are used as they produce no spectra peak

   • Deuterium is an isotope of hydrogen with the atomic mass 2
   • CDCl3

6. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

7. Chemical shift a scale, in ppm, comparing the frequency of an NMR absorption with the frequency of TMS at ppm= 0

8. Tells us: types of functional groups, how many atoms in each and how groups are connected

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