Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Geography Case studies - Human
- United Kingdom
- Rebranding
- CASE STUDY:- BLACKPOOL
- Developing business tourism
- Attracts a higher
standard of further
investment
- Widening the economic base of the town
- Investing large scale flagship attractions
- This can be
advertised to
the public -
Pleasure
Beach
- A reason for rebranding is due to the cycle of urbanisation in MEDC cities
- 1. Urbanisation 2. Suburbanisation 3. Counter-urbanisation 4. Re-urbanisation
- CASE STUDY:- GLASGOW GORBALS
- There was economic and social decline occuring in the
notorious housing estate of the Gorbals in Glasgow,
Scotland
- COMPREHENSIVE REDEVELOPMENT (Slum clearance)
- Government legislation introduced the policy to
tackle inner city problems - Involved removal of large
areas of overcrowded tenemants
- Comprehensive
redevelopment failed in
the 1980s due to the 4
outer fringe
settlements generating
their own problems
- Tower blocks built quickly
out of poor materails
- Migration
- High skilled workers from the common wealth mainly,
migrate to the UK due to the demand for high skilled
jobs such as nursing or vets
- London is a global hub with
valuable human and natural
resources
- A global hub is a city which has
major economic and political power
i.e. London, New York, Tokyo
- Better health care, hygiene, nutrition and education has
led to migration from Europe
- Eastern
Europeans are
migrating to the
UK due to push
and pull factors.
- Push factors are
reasons why
migrants leave
their original
country due to
negative reasons
such low
standard of
living and poor
wages
- Pull factors attract migrants to a certain area such as better
wages or better health care which is free (NHS)
- 2004 Post accession 8
European union migration
- India
- Industrialisation
- To boost the balance of trade, thus improving the
economy of countries such as India; strategies such as
industrialising is used to bring about employment and
higher exports
- Agriculture is
difficult in places
due to climate
- Brings about social advances aswell as large TNCs
can offer higher wages due to economies of scale,
meaning a higher standard of living for the workers
- CASE STUDY:- COCA COLA RAJASTAN
- Factory does have
enviromental
limitations however as
it uses half a billion
litres of water every
year
- Toxic chemicals have gone into water
supplies increasing cost to people for health
care and reducuing the standard of living
- Benefits include
the employment
with a wage of 1
euro 20 for an 8
hour shift
- Water in India is free so coco
cola is drilling for water meaning
that local farmers cannot irrigate
their crops or provide enough
water for their families
- TNC stands for
Trans-national corporations
- Rapid Urban Growth
- CASE STUDY:- MUMBAI
- Problems include enviromental
pollution, socailly low standards of
living and economically there is low
economic output with high levels of
piverty
- It is the centre fro business and
economic output in India - Pull factors of
employment in highly skilled sectors.
'Bright light affect'
- VISION MUMBAI DEVELOPMENT
- BENEFITS: It will create greater economic gains
for the local economy. GDP locally will rise
massively. Highly skilled workers will be attracted
to the region. Large TNCs will also be attracted
- NEGATIVES: Many people will have to move
to accomdate the plan with the construction
of large sky scrapers an large scale housing.
Will create socail stigma as many people will
move from the slum Dharavi; meaning highly
skilled workers may not want to move in
- This is mainly used to LEDCs that are
wanting to expand and grow quickly
- Often involves high
polluting industrial
industries that
massively boost
exports, whilst they
provide low wages and
create a lower
standard of living in
the short term
- South America
- Global Political Groupings
- CASE STUDY:- DEl MANTE BANANAS
- Banana plantations have
enviromental and social
problems
- Pain and suffering occured
at plantations due to there
being low wages and no
regulation over the use of
pesticides
- Once the windward Islands such as
Guatemala joined the EU trade bloc this
stopped the poor conidtions as there were
no tariffs and taxes so they could pay
higher wages and produce bananas
without fertilzers
- Small scale farmers suffered as
they couldn't prodcue bananas
as cheap as the large TNCs
- There are trade blocs that limit and promote trade. It is a
voluntary organisation, bringing greater economic strength
and security to nations that join
- The EU is a trade bloc,
meaning there is no tariffs
or quotas on their exports
or imports. However
exporting from say Uganda,
they would incur tariffs as
they are not part of the EU
trade bloc
- There are
organisations such as
'The world Trade
Organisation (WTO)
and NAFTA
- Ireland
- Globalisation
- This gives a wider market and access to
customers and influence
- The process by which firms or other organisations develope international influence or start operating on an
international scale
- CASE STUDY:- Ireland
- The republic of Ireland
gained its independence
from the UK in 1922
- Adopted a protectionist economic policy
- This promoted Irish firms to prosper without the
competition from other Global TNCs
- Improved balance of
payments
- Rapid growth in GDP and
unemployment has
decreased
- Los Angeles
- CASE STUDY:- Los Angeles
- Home to 14 million people
- Suburbanisation has lead to low
density single family housing
- Large shopping centres, open
spaces with land cheaper for
properties
- Population density of 3000 per km squared