"He doesn't get action without argument"

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Mindmap am "He doesn't get action without argument", erstellt von emilyvburgess96 am 26/05/2015.
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"He doesn't get action without argument"
  1. Informal powers of the presidency are greater than formal powers allowing them freedom of action this would suggest they do get action without argument. He has gained more power due to the vague language of the constitution allowing for flexibility
    1. EXECUTIVE ORDERS
      1. Obamas immigration policy - all he needs is a phone and a pen
        1. a rule or order issued by the President to an executive branch of the government and having the force of law.
        2. EXECUTIVE AGREEMENTS
          1. Agreements with G.W Bush and Obama, renegotiating with Iran over nuclear treaties.
            1. An executive agreement is one of three mechanisms by which the United States enters into binding international agreements. They are considered treaties by some authors as the term is used under international law in that they bind both the United States and a foreign sovereign state.
            2. PRESIDENTIAL MEMORANDUMS
              1. Used a great deal by Barack Obama
                1. A presidential memorandum is a type of executive instrument typically issued by the President of the United States to manage and govern the actions, practices and policies of the various departments and agencies found under the executive branch of the United States government.
                2. Constitutionally the president is the chief executive and this is only given to the president he is responsible for the federal budget, setting out the policy agenda for the USA has the power to pardon and patronage.
                3. In terms of the constitution the president is quite limited in terms of freedom of action he is forced to rely heavily on congress.
                  1. CONGRESS
                    1. Power to override a presidential veto - very hard process but ultimately can hold the power over the president
                      1. The power to bring down the presidency through impeachment, and although the US has experienced the era of 'imperial presidencies' congress has ensured its full powers have never been usurped or weakened by the president.
                        1. Congress is under no obligation to accept presidents proposals
                        2. POWER TO PERSUADE
                          1. Neustadt's power to persuade suggests the president has to persuade people to go with his ideas and the public to vote him in to office. Neustadt also argued that the office of the president was not one of strength but one of weakness and the powers of the president were no guarantee that power could actually be exercised, only presidents with extraordinary temperament
                          2. SUPREME COURT
                            1. Can declare the actions of the president unconstitutional through judicial review as they did with Nixon and Watergate with the tapes as he claimed executive privilege
                              1. Can strike down laws
                            2. The President can make appointments however is restricted as Senate has to confirm these appointments 'advice and consent powers'
                              1. 'The office of president is whatever the holders able, or chooses to make it' - Asquith UK Prime minister
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