CCNA 3 - Capitulo 7.4

CCNA 3 - Capitulo 7.4

1. WAN CONCEPTS

   • TRADITIONAL WAN CONNECTIVITY - OPTIONS
     • DEDICATED
       • LEASED LINES
         • ADVANTAGES
           • SIMPLICITY
             • MINIMAL EXPERTISE TO INSTALL AND MAINTAIN
           • QUALITY
           • AVAILABILITY
         • DISADVANTAGES
           • COST
           • LIMITED FLEXIBILITY
       • COMMON WAN TERMINOLOGY
         • TWO SYSTEMS TO DEFINE CAPACITY OF A LEASED LINES
           • T-CARRIER
             • NORTH AMERICAN
             • T1
               • BANDWIDTH - 1544MBPS
             • T3
               • 43,7MBPS
           • E-CARRIER
             • EUROPE
             • E1
               • BANDWIDTH - 2048MBPS
             • E3
               • BANDWIDTH - 34,368
           • THESE ARE TIME-DIVISION MULTIPLEXED DIGITAL TRANSMISSION (TDM) STANDARDS
     • SWITCHED
       • CIRCUIT SWITCHED
         • CPT TO CO IS COOPER MEDIA
         • ARE PROVIDED BY PSTN
         • TWO OPTIONS
           • ISDN
             • LEGACY
             • 45 Kbps TO 2048 Mbps
           • PSTN
             • DIAL UP
               • 56 kbps
             • TRANSPORT BINARY COMPUTER DATA THROUGH THE VOICE TELEPHONE USING A VOICEBAND MODEM
             • LEGACY
           • HAS DECLINED DUE TO DSL
       • PACKET SWITCHED
         • FRAME RELAY
           • LAYER 2 NON BROADCAST , MULTIACCESS (NBMA)
             • USED TO INTERCONNECT ENTERPRISE LANs
           • LEGACY
           • SINGLE ROUTER INTERFACE CAN USED TO
             • CONNECT MULTIPLE SITES USING DIFFERENTE PVCs
           • PVCs ARE USED TO CARRY BOTH VOICE AND DATA TRAFFIC BETWEEN SORUCE AND DESTINATION
             • PVCs UNIQUELY IDENTIFIED BY A DATA LINK CONNECTION IDENTIFIER (DLCI)
           • REPLACED BY METRO ETHERNET
         • ASSYNCRONOUS TRANSFER MODE (ATM)
           • BUILT ON A CELL BASED ARCHICTURE
             • CELLS ARE ALWAYS FIXED LENGHT - 53 NYTES
               • HEADER - 5 BYTES
               • 48 BYTES - PAYLOAD
           • LEGACY
           • REPLACED BY METRO ETHERNET
           • WHATS IS ?
             • TECHNOLOGY CAPABLE OF TRANSFERRING VOICE , VIDEO , AND DATA THROUGH PRIVATE AND PUBLIC NETWORK

2. MORDERN WAN CONNECTIVITY

   • 2-DEDICATED
     • "DEDICATED BROADBAND"
       • 1990s , MANY ISPs BUILT OPTICAL FIBER TO NEXT GENERATION , HOWEVER , MANY FIBER OPTICAL CABLES RUN NOT IN USE
         • THIS FIBERs IS CALLED AS "DARK FIBER"
   • 1-SWITECHED
     • PACKET SWITECHED
       • MPLS (MULTIPLE PROTOCOL LABEL SWITCHING)
         • ENABLED WAN PROVIDER CARRIER ANY PROTOCOL SUCH ETHERNET , IPV4 , IPV6 DSL AS PAYLOAD DATA
         • MPLS MESH - TYPES OF ROUTERS
           • CUSTOMER EDGE (CE)
           • PROVIDER EDGE (PE)
           • ARE ROUTERS ARE LABEL SWITCHED ROUTERS (LSRs)
             • ATTACH LABELS TO PACKET THAT ARE THEN USED BY OTHER MPLS ROUTER FORWARD TRAFFIC
             • EXAMPLE : WHEN TRAFFIC IS LEAVING THE CE , THE MPLS PE ROUTER ADDS A SHORT FIXED LENGHT LABEL BETWEEN THE FRAME HEADER AND PACKET HEADER
           • INTERNAL PROVIDER (P)
         • WHATS IS ?
           • HIGH PERFORMANCE SERVICE PROVIDER WAN ROUTING TECHNOLOGY TO INTERCONNECT CLIENS
             • WITHOUT ACCESS METHOD OR PAYLOAD
         • SUPPORT
           • ETHERNET , DSL , CABLE , FRAME RELAY , IPV4 , IPV6
           • VPN
           • QOS
           • TRAFFIC ENGINEERING
       • ETHERNET WAN (METRO ETHERNET )
         • SEVERAL BENEFITS
           • EASY INTEGRATION EXISTING NETWORKS
           • ENHANCED BUSINESS PRODUCTIVITY
             • ARE NOW COMMONLY BEING USED TO REPLACE THE TRADITIONAL
               • SERIAL POINT TO POINT
               • FRAME RELAY , ATM ...
           • REDUCED EXPENSES AND ADMNISTRATION
         • THE ETHERNET WAN CAN GO BY MANY NAMES
           • VIRTUAL PRIVATE LAN SERVICE ( VPLS )
           • ETHERNET OVER MPLS (EoMPLS)
           • METRO ETHERNET (METROe)
         • ORIGINALLY DEVELOPED AS A LAN ACCESS TECHNOLOGY
           • HOWEVER , NEWER ETHERNET STANDARD USING FIBER OPTIC REASONABLE WAN ACCESS OPTION
             • FOR EXAMPLE , IEEE 1000BASE-LX STANDARD SUPPORT FIBER OPTIC LENGHTS OF 5 KM
             • FOR EXAMPLE , IEEE 1000BASE-ZX STANDARD SUPPORT FIBER OPTIC LENGHTS OF 70 KM