Chapter 3-Topologies, connectors, standards

Chapter 3-Topologies, connectors, standards

1. Physical Media

   • Types of Cables
     • Coax-copper conductor, plastic shield, braiding, then PVC
       • Plenum
       • Non-plenum
       • RG-6 and RG-59 are CATV
     • TP
       • UTP-100m max
         • CAT 5=100MHz, 100Mbps
         • CAT 5e=100MHz, 1Gbps
         • CAT 6=250MHz, 10Gbps, riser cable function
       • STP
     • Fiber-immune to interference, cost, hard to install, inflexible
       • Single-mode
         • longer distance, glass, LED or laser
       • Multimode
         • shorter distance, can use plastic
   • Types of Ends
     • fiber
       • ST (straight tip) looks like F Connector
       • SC = square connector
       • SFF (small form factor)
         • MT-RJ (mechanical transfer registered jack)
         • LC (little connector)
     • TP
       • RJ-11 = phone
       • RJ-45 = network
     • coax
       • F-connector=CATV
       • BNC=thinnet
   • Types of Media Converters
     • Single Mode Fiber to Ethernet
       • Multimode fiber to ethernet
         • Fiber to Coax
           • Singlemode fiber to multimode fiber

2. Cable Properties

   • Transmission speed, eg 100Mbps
   • Distance--how long before attenuation (degradation)
   • Duplex--communicate one way or both
   • Noise Immunity
   • Frequency--the capacity to carry a signal

3. Wiring Standards

   • T568A
     • Pin 1 ----------------------- Green/white Pin 2 ----------------------- Green Pin 3 ----------------------- Orange/white Pin 4 ----------------------- Blue Pin 5 ----------------------- Blue/white Pin 6 ----------------------- Orange Pin 7 ------------------------Brown/white Pin 8------------------------ Brown
   • T568B
     • Pin 1 ----------------------- Orange/white Pin 2 ----------------------- Orange Pin 3 ----------------------- Green/white Pin 4 ----------------------- Blue Pin 5 ----------------------- Blue/white Pin 6 ----------------------- Green Pin 7 ------------------------Brown/white Pin 8------------------------ Brown
   • T568A-----T568A
     • Straight-through Patch cable
       • host to switch. switch to router. host to router.
     • T568A------T568B
       • Crossover cable
         • Switch to switch. host to host. hub to hub. hub to switch.
       • T568B-----T568B
         • Straight-through Patch cable
           • host to switch. switch to router. host to router.
   • T1 Crossover Cable
     • connects 2 CSU/DSU's

4. Network Installation "tools"

   • MDF/IDF
     • Main Distribution Frame is the wiring point where all the telephone lines (and possibly LAN) is connected to.
       • Intermediate Distribution Frame adds some flexibility for distributing the phone lines. IDF can be installed at another location
   • 25 pair (aka feeder cable)
     • 25 individual pairs in one common sheath. Used mainly for backbone telephone cabling
   • 110 Block
     • One side has wires punched down, the other has connectors
   • Demarc/demarc Extension
     • Demarc=last point of responsibility for ISP, often at the MDF
     • Demarc Extension=copper/fiber from the demarc