Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Stress & Health
- Stress
- The response to a demanding
situation (a stressor)
- Psychological stress
- Degree to which people have to
change their lives in response to
an external events
- Both good and bad things can
cause psychological stress
- Getting married, death
- Physiological stress
- Physiological responses
in the body caused by
physical or psychological
stressors
- Allostasis
- Body's ability to adapt to constantly
changing environments to maintain
homeostasis
- Tight allostatic system
- One that moves from high
to low levels of arousal
flexibly and fluidly
- Allostatic load
- Chronically elevated
state of arousal,
damaging the body.
- Result of chronic stressors
such as heart disease
- Heavy load slows the tight allostatic system
- Stress and performance
- When motivated to perform well,
body response can improve or
inhibit performance
- Fight or flight
- Challenge or threat
- Challenge = when you think personal
resources > situational demands
- Threat = when you think personal
resources < situational demands
- Extreme stress and memory
- In response to stressors, body releases cortisol
- Cortisol - reduces working memory
span, decreases hippocampal mass
and blood flow
- Stress and health
- Immunity
- Psychological stress
decrease immune functioning
- Cohen's hotel study
- Less stress = more
immune to the cold
- Stress = response to a change
in environment that results in a
change to maintain homeostasis
- Perceived control
- Belief that we can influence
our environment to get
positive or negative outcomes
- Self efficacy
- Belief that you can complete
the action needed to deal
with a situation
- Learned helplessness
- Sense that one can no longer
control their environment
- Gives up
- Negative events = stable, internal
- Stable attribution
- Caused by factors that don't change
- Internal attribution
- Caused by you
- Global attribution
- Causes of one negative
event applies to other events
- Physiological thriving
- Positive stress - acute
stressors instead of chronic
- Complete relaxation
between stressors
- Leads to a healthier
immune system
- Physiological toughening
- Animals exposed to intermittent
stressors showed toughening
- Animals exposed to chronic
stressors showed allostatic load
- Strong mobilization of stress
responses coupled with rapid recovery
- Psychological thriving
- Responding positively to past
stressors leads to perception of
benefit
- Viewing stressors as a
challenge improves responses
- Reducing stress
- Exercise
- Improves mood and
reduces stress
- 3x/week, 20 mins of
moderate intensity
- Meditation
- Left prefrontal cortex
asymmetry
- More positive emotion and
high immune functioning
- Monks' have more asymmetry