Created by andreaarose
over 10 years ago
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Question | Answer |
Evolutionary fitness | Potential to pass on your genes and survive to mating years. |
Polygamy | Several members of one sex mating with one individual. |
Polygyny | Several females mate with one male - 90%. |
Polyandry | Males with one female |
Monogamy | Partnership based on a permanent tie. |
Sexual choosiness | Sex which bears the most reproductive costs = choosier |
Sexual dimorphism | Pronounced difference in the structures of two sexes. |
Biological basis of monogamy | Co-occurence of oxytocin and dopamine in nucleus accumbens. |
Oxytocin | Attachment hormone |
Dopamine | Reward neurotransmitter |
Sociometer theory | Self esteem is a gauge of interpersonal relationships. |
Harlow's monkeys | Monkeys that were socially isolated. |
Attachment theory | How infants become emotionally attached to caregivers. |
Imprinting | Basic form of attachment bond, occurs shortly after birth. |
Adult attachment | Use partner for support, proximity and as a secure base. |
Attachment styles | Think of attachment in two dimensions: attachment avoidance and attachment anxiety. |
Secure attachment | Believes in love, caregivers are responsive and caring. |
Anxious ambivalent | Preoccupying, exciting struggle to merge with someone else. They have a mix of positive and negative experiences of caregivers. |
Avoidant | Fear of closeness, self is independent. Caregivers are cold and rejecting. |
Self expansion theory | Information about close others is closely associated with self information - inclusion of other in self. |
Interdependant theory/investment model | Components of commitment are: satisfaction, quality of alternatives and resource investment. |
Commitment | = high satisfaction + low quality of alternatives + high resource investment. |
Reward/cost ratio | Ratio of positive to negative feedback that partners give in a relationship |
Companionate love | Feelings of intimacy and affection, without sexual arousal. |
Passionate love | Feelings of intense longing for a person with physiological arousal. |
Positive illusions | Idealization of close others, seeing them as more positive as they see themselves. |
Cooperative dilemmas | When one partner behaves destructively, it is better to focus on long term goals instead of short term self serving goals. |
What couples do well | Married after 20, 2 parent homes, did not live together and have sex often. |
Novel experiences | Sharing new experiences together and exploration of environment with partner as secure base. |
Why relationships fail | Low equity, lack of positive illusions, low interdependance. |
Neurochemical basis of rejection | Neurological experience of physical pain - anterior cingulate cortex and right ventral prefrontal cortex. |
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