Phonetics and phonology

Phonetics and phonology

1. Consonant sound

   • A consonant is a speech sound that is articulated with complete or partial closure of the vocal tract.
     • The 21 consonant letters in the English alphabet are B, C, D, F, G, H, J, K, L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, X, Z, and usually W and Y.
       • The letter Y stands for the consonant /j/ in yoke, the vowel /ɪ/ in myth, the vowel /i/ in funny, and the diphthong /aɪ/ in my.

2. Vowel Sounds

   • English Vowel Sounds A vowel letter can represent different vowel sounds: hat [hæt], hate [heit], all [o:l], art [a:rt], any ['eni].
     • The same vowel sound is often represented by different vowel letters in writing: [ei] they, weigh, may, cake, steak, rain.
       • Open syllable: Kate [keit], Pete [pi:t], note [nout], site [sait], cute [kyu:t].
       • Closed syllable: cat [kæt], pet [pet], not [not], sit [sit], cut (the neutral sound [ə]).

3. Manner of articulation

   • This is part of the reason why it’s possible to have so many distinct consonant sounds at the same place of articulation.
     • In English, there are six different manners of articulation that will distinguish one consonant sound from the next:
       • Nasal
       • Stop
       • Fricative
       • Affricate
       • Lateral
       • Approximant

4. international phonetic alphabet

   • The international phonetic alphabet is the representation of sounds of any oral language.
     • The components of speech production
       • Phonation Intonation Resonance Fluency Voice
     • Phonetic alphabet international pronunciation
       • Pulmonic
       • Non-Pulmonic
       • Vowels
       • Other symbols

5. Juan Sebastian Vergara Florez Grupo: 49

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