Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Anil
Themes
- Patriarchy
- Mom
sleeps on
the mat
and Appa
sleeps on
the
'rattan
bed'
- position of the mother is
lower which is symbolic of
her low dignity and position
in the family and community
- society
expects
women to
stay below
- whereas father sleeps
on the comfortable
'rattan bed'
- males are more
privileged even
though poor
- as if women are meant to give up their comfort for the males
- "now the force of impending death had
awakened her for a final struggle for her life"
- she is being 'forced' to 'death' when 'unconscious'
- it is the women
who is the
victim of abuses
and violence
and death
- shows how few
right they have,
no right over their
own lives
- women is the
victim of men -
patriarchy
- no reason given
purposefully
because she is
innocent,
emphasises the
injustice
- Lack of mom's importance in the family
- she is not asked when making the decision of Anil
- Appa does not care about her
- "Shanti, the
woman's daughter'
- when it is a
daughter it was
seen as the
belonging of the
mother
- next line talks
about Marimuthu
about no link made
between the father
and the daughter
- whereas emphasised
several time that Anil is
the 'only son' of
Raghunathan
- maybe he has a sister
but not of importance
and not mentioned
- Anil is of greater
importance as seen
as the men who
can earn to the
family
- never referred to as the mother's son
- Marimuthu's wife and Amma
- lack of name means no personal identity
- recognised only
for her duties as
the amma of the
family
- recognised by the husband's name as if she is
possessed and all because of him
- "now the force of
impending death had
awakened her for a final
struggle for her life"
- use of word 'final'
- make sit seem as if this is something common in their life
- and this is her 'final struggle' of all as she will be free when die
- highlights the belief that
women are meant to have
'struggle' and pain
- story explores all the possible struggles
- "bruise on her shoulder
- "abused by his family."
- "he body of the
woman lay limp,
swaying from
side to side and
twirling
sadistically to
face east and
then west and
then east again."
- 'limp' means not stable and firm
- as if she is
pleading people
around for help
- whereas tree represents headman who
is stable and has dark underpinnings of
human psyche
- he cants be uprroted
- shows women's powerlessness and how they have no control or stability
- poverty
- poor condition of family
- no description of rooms or things in hut shows
lack of possessions or assets.
- they live in
a hut that's
small
- thatched roof
that rarely
provides protect
- it is said to be
dusty implying
to unhygeinic
- No description of rooms or things in hut shows lack of possessions or assets.
- mom has only
'four faded
sari' they can't
afford normal
belongings
- ‘’Mosquitoes
were in their
reign of
terrorism’’.
- Creates image of backward slum kind of area.
- mosquitoes
breed in an
area that is
dirty and
unhygienic
- Signs of
unmaintained
and poor
livelihood.
- Gives an
idea about
how
poorly
developed
their
society is.
- "Dreaming their
dreams that rarely
amounted to
anything."
- They are dreaming
everyday life and
profitable
occupation.
- shows how much
consumed they are
with their jobs
- Perhaps
struggling
very much to
live living.
- Portrays how poor they
are that basics of well
set life is like a dream.
- "And Ragunathan, the
illiterate, uneducated
father, the person with little
dreams, the mouse of a
man who was ever ready
to serve his employer,
nodded agreeably. "
- Writer focuses
specially on fact
that he is
‘illiterate’.
- He prove point that still headman employs
him and is grateful to him.
- Reason to why Anil’s father is forced to
nodded agreeably.
- He depends so heavily on headman for income.
- How poverty has forced them to live life of
misery and influence all decisions.
- ‘’The street were
dark with no
lighting.’’
- Lack of
facilities
on the
streets.
- Living in extremely remote and
deprived area and poverty.
- Loss Of Innocence
- "there were
no more stars
in the morning.’’
- Stars symbolise
aspiration & dreams
boy has at start.
- Childhood fantasy and
imagination of grabbing
‘fascinating’ stars.
- Believes that it is
very easy to achieve
such dreams.
- Because believes in ‘magical
wonders of life’ and that the world is
much better. shows his positivity
- But then night brings an end
to childhood & innocent
belief understand.
- He discovers that the
world is full of evil &
deceive & violence.
- Feels how
he is trapped
in darknes.
- This makes him realise his
dream hard to achieve & fulfil in
this world of power and rule.
- Hence "there were no
more stars in
the morning.’’
- ‘’Battle with his fearing of
venturing out in the dark.’’
- At the beginning Anil is afraid of darkness.
- He is innocent & find
myths about ‘ghosty tree’
and ‘ghost’ more scary.
- ‘’Shadow of a smile on his lips.”
- But towards the end of discovers that the
real darkness is not nature revealed.
- Threat is possessed by the dark
underpinnings of human psychology.
- The smile has evil constipation of corruption.
- So it has dark ‘shadow’ sign
that something unfair is going.
- This is the darknes one should be actually afraid about.
- When written talks
about ‘shadow’ of the
evil that is not seen but
leaves dark effect.
- ‘’He could see
only the dark.’’
‘’His eyes became
accustomed to the
darkness.
- At start of story Anil is innocent child and unaware of dark.
- He could only see dark
but not see through it.
- Meaning he can’t realize
that the darkness is more
than dark nights.
- He couldn’t see
the people
behind this
darkness.
- whereas once he starts
seeing this incident, he
becomes exposed to the dark.
- He is getting ‘accustomed’
to dead's of deception.
- He becomes ‘used to’
this cruel world like how
most adults have.
- ‘’Are you sending me away
because I saw him do it?’’
- Shows his
understanding about
how the cruel world
works.
- He knows that
headman was the
part of this & he is
misusing his power.
- But now afraid to
discover as he fears
pain it will bring.
- Unlike the second day where he perhaps did not know headman was the part of murder.
- He was not afraid to tell the truth.
- "I will never
Roget the sin this
villages buries
today,"
- Shows his
understanding about
how this incident has
comp changed his life.
- And how he is grown
up and start to keep
these memories.
- He is no longer a child
who forgets some bad
experience in a few days.
- He is starting to understand secrets that are buried &its sin.
- ‘’Are you sending me away because I saw him do it?’’
- Darkness and Fear
- Adults afraid of truth
- "‘’His eyes darting from one face to another.’’"
- So they then support him to hide truth.
- Scared of its consequence.
- Their goodwill depend on headman.
- He has economic power over them.
- Can harm them only way.
- Anil's fear about ghosts
- "They.
Peyi,
Pesase.
Ghosts."
- oen word
sentence
- shows his
unbearable
fear
- does not
even know
how to
describe it
- childhood
innocence
as being
afraid of
ghosts
- does not
know that
the real
thing to
be afraid
of are
human
psyche
- Real Darkness
- "It was a tree
that ate
children."
- Image of
‘ghosty’ tree
with myths.
- Something children think they might afraid about.
- But real darkness lies in its simple meaning.
- Represent the dark underpinning of headman psycology.
- That is something which possess real threat
- Not afraid
to see the
crime
- "He turned
back to the
window."
- yet he is very
curios to know
what is going on
- tempted to look
there and can't
look behind
- he is scared so he turns to his parents
- knows
something
wrong is
happening
- Marimuthu's fear and guilt
- "Marimuthu turned sharply to face his accuser,
his eyes momentarily exposing his naked guilt.
But then he saw the little boy and pretended to
be wrapped in sorrow once again."
- he is afraid and 'guilty' of
what he has done
- so he turns instantly to see who spoke out
- but relieved to 'see little biy'
- he is aware that he can use the 'dark' side of his brother to get him out of the way
- underestimates the power of villagers and misuse corruption