HOW DO PEOPLE LEARN?

HOW DO PEOPLE LEARN?

1. Cognitivism

   • Piaget
   • Role of the teacher:: manager.
     • Repetitions, analogies and summaries
     • Coorective feedback
     • Problem-based learning
     • Activities that he/she designs in class
   • according to this theory
     • Learning must be focused on how the main operates
     • The moind works inputing, storing and retrieving data
     • Memory is an important way of learning in this theory
     • Learning by discovery is fundamental
   • Roles of the different agents involved in learning
     • Role of the learner: active
       • His/her relations
         • with the other students
           • Competitive
         • with the teacher
           • The teacher constantly verifies the student learning

2. How do people learn?

   • Each learning theory has its own conviction about this
     • Behaviorism
       • Pavlov, Skinner and Thorndike
       • Role of the teacher: behaviour modifier
         • Rewards and punishments
         • Multiple opportunities tests
         • Defines and illustrates concepts
         • Activities that he/she designs in class
       • according to this theory
         • A person's environment determines his/her behaviour
         • Behaviour is the response of stimulus-response
         • ILearning must be focused on observable behaviour (not emotions, for example)
       • Roles of the different agents involved in learning
         • Role of the learner: passive
           • His /her relations
             • With the other students:
               • Individualistic
             • With the teacher
               • vertical (hierarchized)
     • Constructivism
       • Vygotsky
       • Role of the teacher: Dialogue facilitator and challenger
         • Prior knowledge connections
         • Scaffolding
         • Personal experiences relations
         • Colllaborative learning
           • Activities that he/she designs in class
         • Interdisciplinar projects
       • according to this theory
         • SOcial and cultural tools are means to gain intelligence
         • the object of study is the experience
         • students must build their own knowledge
         • Importance must be given to the process and not to the final product
         • Learning is reflective
         • Learning should promote curiosity
       • Roles of the different agents involved in learning
         • Role of the learner::: Active
           • His/her relations
             • with the other students
               • Collaborative
             • with the teacher
               • Horizontal

3. How to assist it?

   • taken into account
     • The environment (each context is different)
     • That education must be inclusive (peoplelearn at different rhythms)
     • That students should feel a sense of community
     • That the student must be considered the centre of this process
     • That meaningful activities in which students can do prior knowledge connections must be provided

4. it is seen as a

   • PROCESS
     • the way of understanding learning determines the way of teaching
     • in which
       • The brain plays a role
       • Associations between prior knowledge and new information are essential
       • The learning environment makes a difference
       • Social interactions are needed
       • There are individual differences
     • People feelings matter