Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Deontology
- what is deontology
- deon= Greek for duty
- 5 forms
- contractualism
- DCT
- Monistic
- coheres with one or more deontological principles
- right
- Duty
- act in accordance with other duties and maxims
- duties can be good/permitted/forbidden
- action over consequence
- right and wrong actions
- cant predict whether an action is right or wrong prior to
event- action over consequence
- Thomas Nagel
- there are limits on how we treat others, expect to treated and our
oblilgations however we're unable to say why
- some take fundamentalist approaches and others argue that its rooted in judeo christian tradition
- Judeo is outdated and vague
- Good action=good, wrong action=wrong
- focuses too much on avoiding wrong, being obedient not moral
- actions must come from an unquestionable source
- Kant
- 'man come of a age'
- you have to have the correct motivation to fulfill a morally good action- some argue that it is our obligation to be moral
- in rare cases someone who has broken a moral law can still be moral- as they had the correct motivation
- duties are absolute- ignore emotions
- a good action can cause bad consequence- still moral
- catergorical imperative= actions performed to achive a desired end
- 'you should'/'you outght'
- hypothetical imperative=moral actions you should do
- universability
- 3 maxims
- act as if you live in the kingdom of ends
- treat humans as ends in themselves
- the universal law
- prima facie duties
- W.D.Ross
- disagrres with Kant:
- it is inchoerant to say we act out of motivation- it is incoherant/ we cant choose why we act only how
- benefience, self improvement and treating people justly also important
- we don't know its a prima facie duty unitl its happening
- middle path
- evaluation
- strenghts
- humanitarian approach-everyone is equal and worthy
- justice is absolute
- proivdes objective guidelines
- motivation over consequence
- weaknesses
- moral obligations appear arbitrary - decision making is influenced by many facctors and it is questionable whether duty is as good as a motive
as suggested
- when taken to an extreme the principle is absurd. not all things if universalised would be moral. e.g. all girls have to wear pink ontuesday'- not moral