Fracture in the arm

Fracture in the arm

1. Bones

   • structure
     • Bone cells
     • Bone matrix
     • Periosteum
   • classifications
     • By shape
       • Long short Flat irregular sesamoid
     • By density
       • Compact spongy
   • anatomy of elbow bones

2. Injury

   • management
     • Dont move the person! Stop any bleeding.  Immobilize the injured area.  Apply ice packs Treat for shock
   • physical and clinical examination
     • Neurological examination
     • The level of reflex
   • physiotherapy
   • fractures
     • Classifications
       • By shape(cause)
       • By Tissue damage
         • Open Close
       • By Strength of injury
         • High energy Low energy (simple)
   • healing
     • Factors affecting healing duration
       • Type of bone, age, mobility at fracture site: Infection, Disturbance of blood supply: Pattern of fracture: Nutrition: Drugs
     • process
     • Types
       • Primary secondary
   • wrist and finger drop
     • causes
       • Broken arm bone, Diabetes Improper use of crutches, prolonged pressure on the radial nerve
     • Signs & symptoms
       • Weakness of the wrist and fingers Numbness or tingling of the hand Inability to straighten the wrist or fingers
     • Neural healing
     • Treatment
       • Pain medicine Splint or cast Physiotherapy electrical-stimulation Surgery
   • Clinical presentation
     • Swelling or bruising Deformity Pain Loss of function
   • Treatment
     • Psychological
       • Classical conditioning
         • learning procedure in which a biologically potent stimulus is paired with a previously neutral stimulus
       • Punishment & reinforcement
     • Reduction Immobilization Rehabilitation
       • Bandage cast split Plaster-of-Paris

3. elbow joint

   • anatomy
     • anatomy of muscles
   • physiology
     • Flexion & Extension

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