Fluid Properties

Fluid Properties

1. Density

   • Definition
     • Quantitative: Mass per unit volume. Density can also be described as how closely and tightly packed the material may be.
   • Useful Equation
     • Density = Mass/Volume
   • Below: Diagram illustrating the density.

2. Specific Gravity

   • Definition
     • Ratio of how dense a substance might be comparatively to density of water
   • Useful Equation
     • SG = (Density of Material)/(Density of Water)

3. Vapor Pressure

   • Definition
     • Vapor pressure is maximum pressure at which above this pressure, water will undergo boiling.
   • Properties of Vapor Pressure
     • Vapor pressure is always dependent on temperature. The higher the temperature goes, the higher the vapor pressure.

4. Application In Industry

   • Specific Gravity of a fluid tells us how much lighter or heavier it is than water. Hence, a lighter oil means less cost of transportation, which can optimize the cost of transportation.
   • Knowing the vapor pressure of a fluid helps in avoiding cavitation in pipelines.

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