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Respiratory acidosis: a decrease in the rate or efficiency of respiration permits excess CO2 to accumulate in body fluids, resulting in the formation of excess H+ ions, which lower pH. Occurs in severe pulmonary disease.

2. Respiratory alkalosis: an increase in the rate of respiration increases the CO2 exhaled, which decreases the formation of H+ ions and raises pH. Occurs during hyperventilation or when first at a high altitude.

3. Respiratory compensation for metabolic acidosis: increased respiration to exhale CO2 to decrease H+ ion formation to raise pH to normal.

4. Respiratory compensation for metabolic alkalosis: decreased respiration to retain CO2 to increase H+ ion formation to lower pH to norma

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Respiratory acidosis: a decrease in the rate or efficiency of respiration permits excess CO2 to accumulate in body fluids, resulting in the formation of excess H+ ions, which lower pH. Occurs in severe pulmonary disease.

2. Respiratory alkalosis: an increase in the rate of respiration increases the CO2 exhaled, which decreases the formation of H+ ions and raises pH. Occurs during hyperventilation or when first at a high altitude.

3. Respiratory compensation for metabolic acidosis: increased respiration to exhale CO2 to decrease H+ ion formation to raise pH to normal.

4. Respiratory compensation for metabolic alkalosis: decreased respiration to retain CO2 to increase H+ ion formation to lower pH to norma