Tablets

Tablet Definition

• -A solid Preparation each containing a single dose of one or more active ingredients and usually obtained by compressing uniform volumes of particles

Advantages of Tablets

• Convenient
• accurate
• stable
• Consistency
• cheap

Disadvantages of Tablets

• poorly soluble drugs
• poor bioavailability
• local irritation
• harmful effects on GI tract

Types of tablets

• Convential
• Buccual
• coated
• effervescent
• controlled released
• Stamped
• Scored
• Sublingual

Official Tests

• Content
• Content uniformity
• Reproducible drug release
• Disintegration time
• Dissolution rate
• Friability/Hardness
• Microbial Quality

Excipients: Ideal Properties

• Non-toxic
• Known Functionality
• Inactive in physiological conditions
• No idiosynchratic effects in the bodies
• Stable
• Reliable
• Reproducable supply
• Cheap/effective in cost
• Tasteless, Colourless and odourless

Making Tablets

• Powders compressed in a die
• Top Punch Pushes down and compresses the contents of the powder into the die
• Bottom punch ejects the contents of the Tablet out
• Powder needs to be treated with excipients for it to be optimumly removed

Tablet Requirements

• Flow must flow into the die in a reproducable manner
• Particles must cohere to eachother to form the tablet under a compressive force
• Tablet must be ejected from press with no
• Cracks
• Chips
• Capping
• Lamination

Types of excipients

• Dilutant
• Binding Agent
• Lubricants
• Glidants
• Disintegrants

Disintegrant

• Disintegrant types include:
• Water uptake facilitators
• Tablet-rupture promoters
• They cause the tablet to expand or rupture on contact with water, causing the tablet to break down
• Polymers: Structure improves water access to the tablet, swelling and breaking result
• Disintegrants can also react and form carbon dioxide gas bubbles, resulting in tablet rupture
• Examples of a disintegrant include Pregelatenised starch, PVP cross linked and carboxymethylcellulose

Lubricants

• Helps the compressed compact be released from the die safely
• Too much lubricant reduces dissolution and/or tablet strength
• Examples include magnesium stearate and talc

Folie 12