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What are the four main functions of water?
Who are more quickly are seriously affected by minor changes in their fluid balance and can become dehydrated?
Water is critical to maintaining what
These are minerals or salts that are dissolved in body fluid?
A positive electrical charge is termed
A negative electrical charge is termed
The intermediate products of metabolism- amino acids, glucose, and fatty acids that do not dissolve are
Red blood cells are termed
White blood cells are termed
Thrombocytes are termed
Any condition that alters body fluid volume also alters the plasma volume of the blood and can affect what
This is body fluid that is within the cell and is high in potassium (K+)
This is body fluid that is outside of the cell consisting of 3 different types and is high in sodium (Na+)
What are the 3 types of ECF (extracellular fluid)
This body fluid transports water, nutrients, oxygen, waste to and from the cells and is high in (Na+) content.
This body fluid that is within the blood vessel consists of plasma and fluid within blood cells, also contains large amounts of protein and electrolytes.
This is body fluid that is in the spaces surrounding the cells and is high in (Na+)
This is fluid contained within the cell walls, most cell walls are permeable to water and high in K+
When fluid shifts from the plasma in the vascular space out to the interstitial space , blood volume drops and what may occur
What is the normal range for Sodium (Na+)
Your Na+ level is < 136 what is that termed
Signs and Symptoms of Hypoatremia
Signs and symptoms of Hypernatremia
What is the normal range for K+
Your level of Na+ is >145
Your K+ level is < 3.5
Your K+ is >5.0
Signs and Symptoms of Hypokalemia
Signs and symptoms of Hyperkalemia
What are the normal ranges for Calcium (Ca2+)
Your level of (Ca2+) is < 8.4
Your level of (Ca2+) is >10.6
Signs and symptoms of Hypocalcemia
Signs and symptoms of Hypercalcemia
What are the normal ranges for Magnesium (Mg2+)
What is a function of magnesium
What is a function of Calcium (Ca2+)
What is a function of Potassium (K+)
What is a function of Sodium (na+)
What is a normal range of Phosphate (PO43-)
What is a normal range for Chloride (Cl-)
What is a function of Phosphate (PO34-)
What is a function of Chloride (Cl-)
What is a normal range for Bicarbonate (HCO3-)
A function of Bicarbonate (HCO3-)
What is a NANDA for Dehydration
What is the main organ through which fluid excertion is achieved
Urine output is affected by several hormones
What is the main hormone excreted from the brain that controls holding onto water
This is the process by which substances move back and forth across membranes until they are evenly ditributed
With diffussion the substances move from ______ to _____ concentration until the concentration on both sides of the membrane is equal.
This refers to the movement of pure solvent across membrane and water diffuses by this
With osmosis water moves from the area of what concentration to the area of what concentration until the solutions in the compartments are equal concentration.
When living cells are surrounded by a solution that has the same concentration of particles the ICF and ECF will be equal. Termed what
What happens to the cell if it is isotonic
The solution in relation to the cells, are surrounded by solution that has less solutes than the cells so the solution Exits the cell to the extracellular fluid
The particles within the cells exert an osmotic pressure, drawing water inward through the semi-permeable membrane and causing the cells to swell and could burst.
The pumping action of the heart creates what within the capillaries.
What is another term for hypotonic
The healthy kidney regulates fluid and elecrolyte balance by regulating the what
What follows water within the body
#1 nursing intervention
SIgns and Symptoms of Dehydration
What hormone will be excreted if your patient has signs of dehydration?
What are the signs of excess fluid volume
A deficit of sodium in the blood is called
Your doing patient teaching and you know your pt has a low K+ level what types of foods should they add to their diet?
The normal range of serum Ph scale
At what level could death occur at a serum pH level
7.01 is what on the pH scale
7.6 is what on the pH scale
You have a patient whose
pH 7.33
PaCo2 40
HCO3- 20
what are they
Your pts is rapid breathing so you order an ABG
pH 7.37
PaCo2 32
HCO3- 26
What are they
Your pt has been vomiting for days and is experiencing tetany you order an ABG
pH 7.7
PaCo3 40
HCO3 30
What are they
Your pt is experiencing slow shallow respirations, you just gave them their opiates 30 minutes ago, you order a ABG
pH 7.01
PaCo2 50
HCO3 22
What are they
Your pt is hyperventilating so you order a ABG
pH 7.5
PaCo2 33
HCO3 25
What are they
Hypokalemia is another cause of metabolic alkalosis as the kidney the retains what while excreting what
Respirations having an increased rate and depth witth panting and long grunting exhalations is termed
An increase in hydrogen ions results in this a decrese in pH
A decrease in hydrogen ions results in this a increase of pH
How many mL and hour of urine should be reported to the physician
How many mLs of urine should a healthy pt be putting out in 24 hours
Your testing your pt for edema on their ankle against a bony prominence you press and the dent disappears rapidly
Your testing your pt for edema on their ankle against a bony prominence you press and the dent disappears slowly in about 10-15 seconds
Your testing your pt for edema on their ankle against a bony prominence you press and the dent disappears very slow sometimes more than 1 minute
Your testing your pt for edema on their ankle against a bony prominence you press and the dent doesnt disappear and last longer than 2-5 minutes.
