8.3 gravity and orbits

Gravity

• Gravity is the pulling force that causes rain to fall and rivers to flow to the sea. Gravity also causes the planets of the solar system to orbit the sun, the moon to orbit earth and spectacular rings to orbit Saturn. Gravity is a will a force that pulls objects towards each other.
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• Bildunterschrift: Gravity

Gravitational Force Field

• A gravitational Force field is a model used to explain the influence that a massive body extends into the space around itself, producing a force on another massive body.
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• Bildunterschrift: Gravitational Force field

The effect of Mass

• Gravity is a fundamental underlying force in the universe. The amount of gravity that something possesses is proportional to its mass and distance between it and another object.

The effect of distance

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• Bildunterschrift: Effect of distance
• Distance decay is a geographical term which describes the effect of distance on cultural or spatial interactions. The distance decay effect states that the interaction between two locales declines as the distance between them increases.

Orbits

• An orbit is a regular, repeating path that one object in space takes around another one. An object in an orbit is called a satellite.
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• Bildunterschrift: Orbits

Satellites

• Objects that are in orbits like this are known as Satellites. Satellites are as will a celestial body orbiting the earth or another planet.
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• Bildunterschrift: Satellites

Explaining Orbits

• The International Space Station orbits Earth once every 90 minutes. An orbit is a regular, repeating path that one object in space takes around another one. An object in an orbit is called a satellite.
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• Bildunterschrift: explaining Orbits

Orbits in the solar system

• The inner solar system contains the Sun, Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars.The main asteroid belt lies between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. The planets of the outer solar system are Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.
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• Bildunterschrift: Orbits in the solar system

The Moon Orbit

• The Moon takes 27 days to orbit the earth. This is known as a Sidereal Month. As the moon orbits, in also rotates (spins) on it's axis taking 27 days to complete one rotation. Since the moon's orbit time and rotation time are exactly the same, we on earth only ever seen the same face of the moon.
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• Bildunterschrift: The moon Orbit

Phases of the moon

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• Bildunterschrift: Phases of the moon
• The new moon, crescent moon, first-quarter moon, gibbous moon, and full moon. The moon is then said to wane as it passes through the gibbous moon, third-quarter moon, crescent moon and back to new moon.

Eclipses

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• Bildunterschrift: Eclipses
• Eclipses are caused by a celestial body completely or partially blocking sunlight from reaching another celestial body. Eclipses can be solar or lunar.

A solar eclipses

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• Bildunterschrift: A solar eclipses
• A solar eclipse is a type of eclipse that occurs when the Moon passes between the Sun and Earth, and when the Moon fully or partially blocks the Sun.

Lunar eclipses

• A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes directly behind the Earth into its shadow.This can occur only when the sun, Earth, and moon are exactly, or very closely so, with the Earth in the middle.
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• Bildunterschrift: Lunar Eclipses