Memory- multi-store model

Memory- multi-store model

1. Stimulus

   • Sensory stores
     • Iconic
     • Echoic
     • STM
       • Response (remembering)
       • Prolonged rehearsal
         • LTM
           • Retrieval
       • Maintenance rehearsal (rehearsal loop)

2. Sensory register

   • Five stores, one for each sense
   • Echoic- auditory coding
   • Iconic- visual coding
   • Duration- 0.5 seconds
   • Very high capacity

3. STM

   • Small capacity- 5-9 items
   • Short duration- 30 seconds
   • Coded acoustically
   • Maintenance rehearsal
     • Repetition of material
       • Remains in STM

4. LTM

   • Unlimited capacity
   • Permanent
   • Coded semantically
   • Retrieval
     • Necessary to recall information in LTM
   • Prolonged rehearsal in STM

5. Created by Atkinson and Shiffrin, 1968

   • How information flows through the memory system

6. Evaluation

   • Supporting research
     • LTM and STM are qualitatively different
       • Baddeley's study on coding
       • MSM states there are 2 separate stores
   • There may be more than one type of STM
     • May be different stores for visual and auditory information
       • Unitary store is a limitation
       • Studies into amnesia showed digits read out loud more difficult to remember than when written down to read
   • More than one type of rehearsal
     • Elaborative rehearsal
       • Linking information to current knowledge
   • Issues with research support
     • Artificial stimuli
       • Difficult to generalise to typical life
   • More than one type of LTM
     • Episodic, Semantic, Procedural
       • Tulving