Karteikarten
Cell Membranes and Signalling
Karten in diesem Stapel (9)
- 1Why do cells need to communicate with each other?To control processes inside the body
To respond to changes in the environment - 2How do cells communicate with each other?By cell signalling:
1. One cell releases a messenger molecule which travels to another cell
2. The messenger molecule is detected by the cell as it binds to a receptor on its cell membrane
3. The binding then triggers a change in the cell - 3What are membrane-bound receptors?Proteins in the cell membrane which act as receptors for messenger molecules
- 4Complete the sentences: Receptor proteins have specific _______ - only messenger molecules with a _____________ shape can bind to them. A cell that responds to a particular messenger molecule is called a _________ _____Receptor proteins have specific SHAPE - only messenger molecules with a COMPLEMENTARY shape can bind to them. A cell that responds to a particular messenger molecule is called a TARGET CELL
- 5How do hormones work as messenger molecules?Hormones work by binding to receptors in cell membranes and triggering a response in the cell
- 6Give 2 examples of hormones which are used in cell signallingGLUCAGON:
A hormone released when there is not enough glucose in the blood.
Binds to receptors on liver cells, causing the liver cells to break down stores of glycogen to glucose.
FSH:
A hormone released by the pituitary gland during the menstrual cycle.
Binds to receptors on cells in the ovaries, causing an egg to mature, ready for ovulation - 7How do drugs work messenger molecules?Drugs either trigger a response in the cell, or block the receptor and prevent it from working
- 8Why is it important to understand how cells communicate?Understanding how cells communicate using membrane-bound receptors is important in the development of medicinal drugs - the receptors can be used as sites for targeted action
- 9Give 2 examples of drugs which are used in cell signallingMORPHINE:
Endorphins bind to opioid receptors in the brain and reduce the transmission of pain signals. Morphine works by binding to the same opioid receptors as endorphins, also triggering a reduction in pain signals.
ANTIHISTAMINES:
Cell damage causes the release of a chemical called histamine. Histamine binds to receptors on the surface of other cells and causes inflammation. Antihistamines work by blocking histamine receptors from binding to the cell and stops inflammation.
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- Der Nutzer hat seine Fachbereichs-Information gelöscht. Karteikarten am Cell Membranes and Signalling, erstellt von Gelöschter Nutzer am 05/03/2018.
- Erstellt von
- Gelöschter Nutzer · Mär 2018
- Aktualisiert
- 5 Mär 2018
- Aufrufe
- 20
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- Erstellt von Yinka F · 28 Jan 2018
- Kopiert von Yinka F · 5 Mär 2018
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