Karteikarten
Year 10 - Topic 2: Respiration and the respiratory system in humans
Karten in diesem Stapel (22)
- 1Where does aerobic respiration take place?All cells
- 2What part of the cell carries out aerobic respiration?Mitochondria
- 3Aerobic respiration - what is missing? Oxygen + __________ ----> carbon dioxide + waterGlucose
- 4Why does your heart rate increase when you exercise?Your heart pumps blood around the body. The blood contains oxygen and glucose that the muscle cells need to carry out aerobic respiration. Your muscles need more oxygen and glucose to carry out a higher rate of respiration to produce enough energy for contraction.
- 5Why does your body carry out anaerobic respiration?When there is insufficient oxygen supply to your muscle cells.
- 6Anaerobic respiration - what is missing? Glucose ----> ___________ + little energyLactic acid
- 7Why is aerobic respiration better than anaerobic respiration?Anaerobic respiration is the incomplete breakdown of glucose which results in less energy being produced.
- 8Why is lactic acid harmful to your body?Causes muscle fatigue
- 9How is lactic acid neutralised?Paying back the oxygen debt to oxidise the lactic acid.
- 10Describe the pathway for air into the lungs.1. Through the nasal cavity or mouth
2. Down the trachea
3. Splits at the bronchi
4. Into the bronchioles
5. Into the alveoli where gas exchange will occur - 11What is the function of the mucus and cilia in the respiratory system?Mucus and cilia help protect the respiratory system.
Particles and bacteria stick to the mucus and cilia move the mucus out of the respiratory system to the back of the throat. - 12Describe the process of inspiration (inhaling).Diaphragm contracts and flattens.
Intercostal muscles contract causing ribs to expand.
Volume inside chest increases.
Pressure inside chest decreases.
Air moves in. - 13Describe the process of expiration (exhaling).Diaphragm relaxes and moves up.
Intercostal muscles relax causing ribs to move in and down.
Volume inside chest decreases.
Pressure inside chest increases.
Air forced out. - 14What do the parts of the bell jar represent?Glass tube - trachea
Balloons - lungs
Bell jar - ribs
Rubber sheet - diaphragm
- 15Why is the bell jar model not accurate?It does not show the ribs moving
It is not living tissue
It does not have alveoli
It does not have a blood supply - 16What is the composition of gases in inhaled air?79% Nitrogen
21% Oxygen
0.04% Carbon dioxide - 17What is the composition of gases in exhaled air?79% Nitrogen
16% Oxygen
4% Carbon dioxide - 18What are the adaptations of the alveoli?1. Large surface area for diffusion
2. Thin wall - only one cell thick
3. Moist lining - allows oxygen to dissolve for quicker diffusion
4. Rich blood supply - to maintain the concentration gradient of carbon dioxide and oxygen - 19What are the effects of smoking on the cilia and mucus?Chemicals in the cigarette smoke paralyse the cilia and clog the mucus.
- 20What is meant by the term carcinogen?A cancer causing substance
- 21Name a carcinogen in cigarettesTar
- 22Why is smoking bad for your health?Carcinogens can lead to lung cancer.
Nicotine is addictive.
Cigarette smoke destroys lung tissue which leads to emphysema.
Informationen
- Beschreibung
- Der Nutzer hat seine Fachbereichs-Information gelöscht. Karteikarten am Year 10 - Topic 2: Respiration and the respiratory system in humans, erstellt von Gelöschter Nutzer am 26/03/2018.
- Erstellt von
- Gelöschter Nutzer · Mär 2018
- Aktualisiert
- 26 Mär 2018
- Aufrufe
- 19
- Verlauf
-
- Erstellt von Mrs Z Rourke · 6 Feb 2018
- Kopiert von Mrs Z Rourke · 26 Mär 2018
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