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Quiz

L41,42 Background/Pathology IHD

Gelöschter Nutzer 17 Fragen Aktualisiert am 26 Mai 2019

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  1. 1Ischaemic heart disease (IHD) is the same thing as coronary artery disease (CAD) and coronary heart disease (CHD).
    1. ARichtig
    2. BFalsch
  2. 2Atherosclerosis, a [blank_start]lipid[blank_end] deposition in the subendothelial space, causes IHD. There is endothelial dysfunction with [blank_start]decreased[blank_end] production of NO, less [blank_start]vasodilation[blank_end], increased risk of platelet [blank_start]adhesion[blank_end]. An influx of lipid scavenger cells ([blank_start]macrophages[blank_end]) cause inflammation, calcification and [blank_start]narrowing[blank_end] of the blood vessel by increasing plaque formation.
    1. Alipid
    2. Bdecreased
    3. Cvasodilation
    4. Dadhesion
    5. Emacrophages
    6. Fnarrowing
  3. 3Atherosclerotic plaque rupture causes a release of [blank_start]tissue[blank_end] factor (TF) and von Willebrand factor (vWF)
    vWF. More [blank_start]platelets[blank_end] adhere, activate, and aggregate. The coagulation cascade activates resulting in [blank_start]fibrinogen[blank_end] binding platelets to one another causing clot ([blank_start]thrombus[blank_end]) formation.
    1. Atissue
    2. Bplatelets
    3. Cfibrinogen
    4. Dthrombus
  4. 4Which of these is not a risk factor for IHD?
    1. ADiabetes
    2. BObesity
    3. CSmoking
    4. DBeing a woman over 45
    5. EAlcohol overconsumption
    6. FBeing a man over 45
  5. 5Choose the incorrect statement.
    1. AStable angina is a chronic form of IHD.
    2. BUnstable angina is an acute coronary syndrome.
    3. CAcute coronary syndromes are forms of IHD.
    4. DA STEMI is an acute coronoary syndrome while and NSTEMI is a chronic form of IHD.
  6. 6Chronic stable angina is the initial manifestation of IHD in about 50% of patients. It is often caused by obstructive [blank_start]atherosclerotic[blank_end] lesions in the coronary arteries. Vasospasm at the site of an atherosclerotic plaque may further [blank_start]constrict[blank_end] blood flow and contribute to angina.
    Stable angina is characterised by a plaque with a thick fibrous cap and relatively [blank_start]small[blank_end] lipid core.
    Patients are generally in no acute distress and describe stable angina pain as a sensation of pressure, heaviness, tightness, or squeezing in the anterior [blank_start]chest[blank_end] area. Pain may radiate to the neck, jaw, shoulder, back, or arm and may be accompanied by dyspnoea, nausea, vomiting, or diaphoresis. Pain lasts a few [blank_start]minutes[blank_end] and is often provoked by [blank_start]exertion[blank_end] (e.g. walking, climbing stairs, gardening) or emotional stress; and relieved within minutes by [blank_start]rest[blank_end] or with sublingual nitroglycerin.
    1. Aatherosclerotic
    2. Bconstrict
    3. Csmall
    4. Dchest
    5. Eminutes
    6. Fexertion
    7. Grest
  7. 7Acute coronary syndrome is the first sign of IHD in about 50% of patients.
    1. ARichtig
    2. BFalsch
  8. 8Principles of treatment:
    1. Angina:
    Increase myocardial O2 supply (by [blank_start]dilating[blank_end] the cardiac vasculature) and
    decrease O2 demand (by decreasing heart [blank_start]rate[blank_end], myocardial [blank_start]contractility[blank_end], and afterload)
    2. ACS:
    Re-vascularisation/re-perfusion with mechanical or chemical Tx.
    - Mechanical:
    Percutaneous coronary intervention ([blank_start]PCI[blank_end]) = Angiography or [blank_start]angioplasty[blank_end] (using a balloon or a stent), or Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
    - Chemical:
    Anti-platelets or
    Anti-coagulants or
    Fibrinolytics



    1. Adilating
    2. Brate
    3. Ccontractility
    4. DPCI
    5. Eangioplasty
  9. 9Match the drug treatment to the purpose for IHD.
    - Dilate blood vessels and reduce cardiac load: [blank_start]nitrates, CCBs, ACEIs/ARBs, B-blockers[blank_end]
    - Stabilise atherosclerotic plaques: [blank_start]statins and other lipid-lowering meds[blank_end]
    - Prevent platelet aggregation: [blank_start]anti-platelets[blank_end]
    - Prevent propagation of thrombus: [blank_start]anti-coagulants[blank_end]
    - Break down thrombus: [blank_start]fibrinolytics[blank_end]
    - Pain relief: [blank_start]morphine[blank_end]
    1. Anitrates, CCBs, ACEIs/ARBs, B-blockers
    2. Bstatins and other lipid-lowering meds
    3. Canti-platelets
    4. Danti-coagulants
    5. Efibrinolytics
    6. Fmorphine
  10. 10Nitrates are [blank_start]prodrugs[blank_end] that donate nitric oxide, NO. NO increases intracellular [blank_start]cGMP[blank_end], which relaxes [blank_start]smooth[blank_end] muscle cells and causes vasodilation. Frequent or high doses are associated with [blank_start]tolerance[blank_end].
    1. Aprodrugs
    2. BcGMP
    3. Csmooth
    4. Dtolerance

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Beschreibung
Der Nutzer hat seine Fachbereichs-Information gelöscht. Quiz am L41,42 Background/Pathology IHD, erstellt von Gelöschter Nutzer am 26/05/2019.
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Gelöschter Nutzer
Sprache
English
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34
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Erstellt am 26 Mai 2019 · aktualisiert am 26 Mai 2019
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