Equine Anaemia

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Equine Anaemia

DEFINITION

Resting PCV varies widely with breed and use

SPLEEN

Contracts when excited

Causes problems when trying to assess anaemia

ANAEMIA VS HYPOVOLAEMIC SHOCK

Use clinical signs

Hypovolaemic

Muscle fasciculations + weakness

Cold extremities

How much blood lost?

Catch some in a measuring cylinder

How much over how long

Blood volume = 8% of BW

Tho Fat animals it would be less

CLINICAL SIGNS

Melaena rare in horse - hing gut fermenters

DIAGNOSIS

Haemolysis - jaundice

Horses DONT release immature RBCs from BM

COMPENSATORY MECHANISMS

IMHA - high protein even after compensatory mechanisms

PCV won't decrease until after compensatory mechanisms(12-24hrs post haemorrhage)

Why we need to use clinical signs

REGENERATIVE VS NON-REGENERATIVE

Not talking about blood loss, talking about chronic disease

Regenerative anaemia

Neutrophilia ?

HAEMOLYSIS

Coggins test

EIA (Notifiable)

Travelled recently

Urine - blood cells sediment on the bottom

EQUINE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

Anaemia of chronic disease

Blood parasites aren't endemic

Red maple leaf -oxidant induced haemolytic anaemia

Non regenerative - uncommon

TREATMENT

Synthetic Hb better than blood transfusion (But expensive) as they are less immunogenic

Blood transfusion

Rapidly declining PCV - not necessarily values