Quiz
Exemplars 4.1 & 4.5: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Pyloric Stenosis
Fragen in diesem Quiz (25)
1Which of the following does not RESULT IN gastroesophageal reflux?
- ATransient relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter.
- BAn incompetent lower esophageal sphincter.
- CIncreased pressure within the stomach.
- DIncreased gastric contents.
2Select the factors that CONTRIBUTE to gastrointestinal reflux.
- AIncreased gastric volume, such as after meals.
- BPositioning that allows gastric content to remain close to the gastroesophageal junction, such as bending over and lying down.
- CIncreased gastric pressure, such as obesity and wearing tight clothes.
- DExcessive alcohol consumption and smoking
- EPregnancy
3What are the RISK FACTORS for GERD?
- AObesity
- BExcessive alcohol consumption
- CSmoking
- DHiatial hernia
- EPregnancy
- FWearing tight clothing
4Parents of a child asks you why they should treat their child's gastrointestinal reflux.
Select the BEST teaching to give to these parents.- A"Prolonged exposure to gastric contents can cause something cause esophagitis, which can cause red, easily torn tissue; ulcers; and eventually, permanent restriction of the esophagus."
- B"If you don't treat the gastrointestinal reflux, your child will have lifelong digestive issues."
- C"If you don't treat the gastrointestinal reflux, your child will be in constant pain when eating, which may lead to disordered eating patterns and nutritional issues in the future."
- D"If you don't treat the gastrointestinal reflux, your child has a high chance of getting esophageal cancer."
5Esophageal peristalsis and bicarbonate in salivary secretion normally clear and neutralize gastric juices in the esophagus.
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
6In patients with impaired esophageal peristalsis or decreased salivation, the esophageal mucosa is damaged during sleep.
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
7You have delivered teaching to parents of a 6-year-old with gastroesophageal reflux.
Which of the following statements shows that MORE teaching is needed?- A"We should give our child smaller and more frequent meals. This may require talking to his teacher about letting him have an additional snack during class."
- B"We will be sure to use the list of non-acidic foods that you gave us when we're feeding our child."
- C"It shouldn't be a problem that we give our child a healthy snack before bedtime. It's part of his bedtime routine."
- D"We should be careful to keep our child's weight down."
8You have delivered teaching to a 14-year-old having issues with gastrointestinal reflux.
Which of the following statements shows that MORE teaching is needed?- A"I should probably stop drinking my daily cup of coffee, and avoid orange juice if at all possible."
- B"I usually go to bed between 11 and midnight. I should avoid eating right before that."
- C"I need to be careful what dresses I wear, but I can still wear my skinny jeans, although I'm not too pleased by my 'muffin top'."
- D"I should avoid smoking with my friends or stealing my parents' alcohol."
- E"I should probably loose a bit of weight since I'm currently obese."
9Which of the following meals would you approve for a patient with gastroesophageal reflux?
- AA breakfast of apple juice, eggs, toast, and bacon.
- BA breakfast of tea and cereal with whole-fat milk.
- CA lunch of a peanut butter and jelly sandwich with whole-fat milk.
- DA dinner of spaghetti with garlic bread and a glass of water on the side.
10Which of the following is NOT common manifestations of gastrointestinal reflux in infants and children?
- ACoughing
- BDifficulty swallowing
- CAsthma symptoms
- DBack arching
- EPeriods of apnea
- FFrequent upper respiratory infections.
11What would make infants more likely to have issues with gastrointestinal reflux?
- AThe lower esophageal sphincter is often immature.
- BInfants are often over-fed.
- CThey aren't more likely to have issues with gastrointestinal reflux.
- DThey have less stomach emptying.
12What teaching about feeding can you give to the parents of an infant with issues with gastroesophageal reflux?
- A"Try burping your baby after every 1-2 ounces of milk."
- B"Test your baby for allergies to cow's milk before giving it to him for the first time."
- C"If you're worried that your baby is choking on your breast milk too much, there are pre-thickened formulas available.
- D"Keep your baby upright for a maximum of 30 minutes after feeding."
- E"It should be okay to lay your baby back in his crib if you need to get up and feed him in the middle of the night."
13You have delivered teaching to the parents of a child newly diagnosed with pyloric stenosis.
Which of the following statements shows that teaching has been received?- A"Something called the pyloric orifice has thickened from inflammation and swelling due to genetics."
- B"This disorder was probably caused by the antibiotic therapy I received in my last trimester of pregnancy."
- C"This disorder is almost exclusive to males."
- D"The obstruction between the stomach and first part of the small intestine is caused by inflammation and swelling in the pyloric orifice. The cause is unknown."
14When do infants usually begin to show signs of having pyloric stenosis?
- AImmediately after birth
- B3-6 weeks after birth
- C3-6 months after birth
- D12 months or more after birth
15Which of the following is not an early clinical manifestation of pyloric stenosis?
- AVomiting within 30 minutes of a normal feed
- BProjectile vomiting that sometimes contains blood
- CPersistent hunger
- DVisible peristalsis across the infant's abdomen
16You have been asked to explain what a pyloromyotomy is to parents that you are obtaining informed consent from.
What is the MOST ACCURATE teaching to deliver?- A"A pyloromyotomy is a risky, but necessary, surgery needed to reverse your baby's pyloric stenosis. We will make a small incision and split the pyloric muscle so food and fluid can get through."
- B"A pyloromyotomy is a procedure in which we will make a small incision and split the pyloric muscle to allow passage of food and fluid. As with any surgery, it has its risks, which I am willing to discuss with you."
- C"A pyloromyotomy is a procedure in which we will make a small incision and split the pyloric muscle to allow passage of food and fluid. It is relatively free of risks."
- D"This surgery is needed to reverse your baby's pyloric stenosis."
17Which of the following is a nursing consideration to consider when caring for an infant about to undergo a pyloromyotomy?
- AFluid and electrolyte balance must be restored prior to surgery.
- BIf the parents will not consent to the surgery, CPS will need to be called.
- CAn NG tube should be inserted prior to the procedure.
- DThe child should be given a laxative prior to the surgery to "flush out" the GI tract.
18What findings would you expect when assessing a child with pyloric stenosis?
- APresence of visible peristaltic waves.
- BHyperactive bowel sounds upon auscultation.
- COlive-shaped mass in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen upon palpation.
- DHypoactive bowel sounds upon auscultation.
- EOlive-shaped pass in the upper left quadrant of the abdomen upon palpation.
19Which of the following assessment findings would make you concerned that an infant may be dehydrated?
- ASkin recoils when pinched.
- BAnterior fontanelle is not depressed.
- CNostrils are dry.
- DInfant has 3-6 wet diapers weighing between 20 and 30 g daily.
- EUrine specific gravity is 1.012
20You are assessing electrolyte balance in a child currently hospitalized due to possible pyloric stenosis.
Which of the following lab values would make you want to call the physician?- AChloride is 101 mEq/L
- BSodium is 138 mEq/L
- CPotassium is 3.2 mEq/L
- DpH is 7.40
21Select the interventions that a nurse can enact to meet fluid and electrolyte needs in a child with pyloric stenosis.
- AKeep infant NPO
- BEducate the parents about NPO status.
- CAssess running IV line hourly as part of purposeful rounding.
- DAspirate and measure gastric contents prior to feeding via NG tube.
- EAsk the parents to call nursing personnel to change their child's diaper rather than changing it themselves.
- FMonitor weight daily.
22Current evidence shows that oral feedings can resume immediately after undergoing a pyloromyotomy.
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
23Which of the following is NOT an effective intervention to promote rest and comfort in an infant pre-op for a pyloromyotomy?
- AKeep the infant swaddled.
- BEncourage the parents to hold and cuddle their baby.
- CProvide a pacifier.
- DInstruct the parents to slide the diaper gently under the buttocks rather than lifting the legs when diapering their baby.
24When changing the diaper of an infant post-op of a pyloromyotomy, it is best to lift the legs and slide the diaper under.
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
25Select the correct instruction to give the parents of a baby being discharged following a pyloromyotomy.
- AInform the parents that vomiting may still occur after surgery, and to feed the infant again when he/she is interested.
- BInstruct the breastfeeding mother to temporarily pump and use bottles so the infant can be burped after every 1-2 ounces.
- CTeach the parents to hold the infant upright for 30 minutes after feeding.
- DAdvise the parents to wait a full hour after feedings to play with or rock their baby.
- EInform the parents that it is normal for the bandages or strips to fall off on their own.
- FTell the parents to only give their child sponge baths until the wound has healed.
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- Beschreibung
- Der Nutzer hat seine Fachbereichs-Information gelöscht. Quiz am Exemplars 4.1 & 4.5: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Pyloric Stenosis, erstellt von Gelöschter Nutzer am 08/11/2019.
- Autor
- Gelöschter Nutzer
- Sprache
- English
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- 17
- Verlauf
- Erstellt am 8 Nov 2019 · aktualisiert am 4 Dez 2019
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