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Greek Civilization Quiz

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1In Herodotus' Histories, the term historis means?
1. A ‘plot’ or ‘storyline’
2. B ‘biography’
3. C‘diary’ or ‘notebook’
4. D ‘inquiry’ or ‘investigation’
2In Aristophanes’ Clouds, the conflict between palaios and kainos is between _______.
1. Aa) ‘old’ and ‘new’
2. Bb) ‘right’ and ‘wrong’
3. Cc) ‘black’ and ‘white’
4. Dd) ‘better’ and ‘worse’
3A komos is ____________.
1. Aa unit of measure or moderation
2. B a kind of drink
3. Ca group of friends or family engaging in drink and contests against rival groups.
4. Dfurniture at a symposium
4A herm is _____________.
1. A a load bearing support beam in Greek architecture
2. Ba type of battle ship used during the Peloponnesian War
3. Cthe legal charge brought up against someone who parodies the Eleusinian mysteries d) a post with a head and phallus placed at doorways and crossroads
4. Da post with a head and phallus placed at doorways and crossroads
5In Thucydides’ description of the Peloponnesian War, stasis means __________.
1. Aa ‘stealing,’ i.e., theft of public goods for private consumption
2. Ba ‘forgetting,’ i.e., agreeing not to seek punishment/revenge on someone
3. Ca ‘standing apart,’ i.e., a political faction
4. D a ‘deception,’ i.e., claiming one thing in public, but doing another in private
6In Plato’s Apology, the term apologia means ______________.
1. Atrying to talk one’s way out of a problem
2. B saying “I’m sorry”
3. C giving a reasonable account of what one has done
4. D all of the above
7What does the name ‘Pheidippides’ mean? ______________.
1. AStrong horse
2. B‘Cheap (or Thrifty) horse’
3. C‘He who races horses’
4. D‘He who writes comedies’
8What is a sophist? ______________.
1. Asomeone who questions the existence of the gods by offering scientific causes for natural phenomena
2. Bsomeone who questions traditional authority through introducing innovations in literature, science,
  education, art, and even morality
3. Csomeone who charges students a fee to teach them how to win arguments
4. Dall of the above
9What is tokos? _____.
1. Athe acropolis OR the treasury
2. Bthe name of a character in Aristophanes’ Lysistrata
3. Cinterest earned on an investment OR a child
4. Dthe struggle between better and worse speech
10In 5th century Athens, “new” education consisted in training in _______________.
1. Arhetoric
2. Bscientific principles
3. C
  how to win an argument at any cost
4. D all of the above

11In Aristophanes’ The Clouds, who are the Nephelai? ______________.
1. ANephelai = ‘Clouds,’ agents of the Greek gods sent to punish practitioners of ‘new education’
2. B Nephelai = ‘Better Speech,’ the representative of the ‘old education’ trained in Homeric ideals
3. CNephelai = ‘Worse Speech,’ the representative of the ‘new education’ trained in rhetoric and tricking the
  public into doing whatever one wants them to do
4. DNephelai = ‘Creditors’ who are hunting Strepsiades down for the debt he owes
12What was the Lenaea and what happened then? ______________.
1. Afestival during winter (Jan./Feb.) celebrated with performance of comedy
2. Bfestival during spring (March/April) celebrated with performance of tragedy
3. C plague during 431/430 BCE which killed nearly 1/3 of Athenian population
4. DAthenian court located at edge of city where criminals were tried for murder
13What does the name ‘Lysistrata’ mean? ______________.
1. A‘She who brings sorrow to the people’
2. B ‘She who refuses to have sex’
3. C‘She who breaks apart the army’
4. D ‘She who is the fame of her father’
14Who is Kreitton Logos? ________________.
1. A“Worse Speech” which personifies the “New Education” in Athens
2. BOne of the “Clouds” worshipped by Socrates in Aristophanes’ Clouds
3. Ca kind of religious pollution that comes from shedding human blood
4. D“Better Speech” which personifies “Old-Time Morality” in Athens
15What does the word hippos mean? ______________.
1. A a ‘horse’
2. B an ‘aristocrat’
3. C a ‘hippopotamus’
4. Dsomeone’s ‘hip’
16What does the name ‘Strepsiades’ mean? ______________.
1. AHe who has pain in his throat’
2. B'‘He who destroys the army”
3. C‘He who twists, wrestles, or tricks his opponents in court’
4. D ‘Cheap (or Thrifty) horse’
17Where does the name “comedy” come from? —————.
1. Acom + edy = “eat together”
2. B co + medy = “heal together”
3. Ccome + edy = “come and eat”
4. Dkomos + odē = “song of the group of drunken revelers”
18What is the pentecontaetia in Thucydides’ History of the Peloponnesian War? ______.
1. A the fifth book of Thucydides’ History.
2. Bthe story of the 50 years between the Persian War and the Peloponnesian War.
3. Cthe story of the 50 year long Peloponnesian War.
4. Da list of 50 names of important events in Thucydides’ History.
19What is a thesaurus?
1. Aa kind of dinosaur.
2. Ban epic poem about Theseus. .
3. C a treasury.
4. D a kind of war ship.
20What kind of term is stephein “to twist”?
1. Aa technical term in wrestling, metaphorically used to describe a legal defendant.
2. B a technical term in archery, metaphorically used to describe a moral failure.
3. C a technical term in painting, metaphorically used to describe someone’s attitude.
4. Da technical term in agriculture, metaphorically used to describe someone’s fame.
21Why does the Persian ruler Xerxes decide to make war against the Greeks? ______________.
1. A In order to achieve something as great as his father and grandfather
2. BA dream told him to go to war
3. C In order to avenge the wrongs the Athenians did to the Persians
4. Dall of the above
22How many chariot teams did Alcibiades enter in the Olympic games of 415 BCE? ______________.
1. Afive
2. Bthree
3. C nine
4. Dseven
23Who does Herodotus identify as the original ‘cause’ of hostilities between Greece and Persia? ______________.
1. AThemistocles
2. BAlcibiades
3. CCroesus
4. DXerxes
24Where did Cleon and Demosthenes surround and capture hundreds of Spartan hoplites? ______________.
1. A Decelea
2. BSyracuse
3. CLeontini
4. DSphacteria
25 On what side did Alcibiades fight during the Peloponnesian War? ______________.
1. Athe Persians
2. Bthe Athenians
3. Cthe Peloponnesians
4. Dall of the above
26Why was Thucydides exiled from Athens during the Peloponnesian War? ______________.
1. A he was friends with Critias and the 30 Tyrants.
2. B he lost during the Olympic games of 416 BCE.
3. Che was rich and Athenians feared he would install himself as tyrant.
4. Dhe failed to defend Amphipolis from the Peloponnesians.
27Athens says they will help rescue Sicily from Syracuse. What were Athens’ real motives? ______________.
1. Ato give Alcibiades a chance to prove his innocence
2. B to give Alcibiades a chance to prove his innocence
3. C to stop supplies from going to Sparta and increase its own empire
4. D all of the above
28In Aristophanes’ Lysistrata, what was Lysistrata’s plan? ______________.
1. Astop sexual reproduction and thus prevent Athens from sending more children off to die in war
2. Bconvince men to stop Peloponnesian War by not having sex with them until they make peace
3. Ccapture the Athenian treasury and prevent the city from spending more money on the war
4. Dall of the above
29What does Socrates think his punishment should be? ______________.
1. A death
2. Bfree meals at the Prytaneium (‘city hall’) like an Olympic champion
3. C a large fine: an entire year’s wages
4. D exile
30According to Herodotus, why were the Persians unable to defeat the Greeks? ______________.
1. Aany empire is essentially unsustainable because of its size and the difficulties of resupply
2. B Greeks were a “hard” nation; Persians were a “soft” nation
3. Cthe Persian leaders angered the gods with their hubris and were destined to suffer a tragic fall
4. Dall of the above
31At what battle did both Cleon and Brasidas die? ______________.
1. AAmphipolis
2. BDelium
3. CSphacteria
4. DSicily
32Why was Alcibiades brought to trial in Athens in 414 BCE? ______________.
1. Amocking the ritual of the Eleusinian mysteries
2. Bhe was rich and Athenians feared he would install himself as tyrant
3. Cbreaking phalluses off herm statues
4. D all of the above
33At the battle of Marathon, Darius’ army tried to reinstall _______________ as tyrant of Athens
1. AAlcibiades
2. BPeisistratus
3. CHipparchus
4. DHippias
34At the battle of Delium, who did Socrates save? —————.
1. ACleon
2. B Thucydides
3. C Alcibiades
4. D all of the above.
35What were the three complaints Corinth brought to the Peloponnesian League to make war on Athens? ______.
1. A Athens’ involvement in Corinth’s business at Corcyra, Potidaea, and Megara.
2. BAthens’ attacks against Corinth’s colonies Mytilene, Amphipolis, and Melos.
3. C Slanderous comments made about Cleon in two plays by Aristophanes.
4. DAthens’ attitude toward Corinth, Thebes, and Sparta.
36Why did Thucydides think Pericles was such an effective leader? _______.
1. Ahis policy of “moderate empire”
2. Bhis ability to “lead” the people, not “be led” by them
3. Chis incorruptible morality
4. Dall of the above
37his ability to “lead” the people, not “be led” by them
1. Athe disaster of Athens at Sicily in 413 BCE.
2. Bthe Spartans’ surrender at the battle at Sphacteria in 425 BCE.
3. C the Corinthian alliance with Argos during the Peace of Nicias.
4. DAlcibiades’ defection to the Peloponnesian League to avoid trial in Athens in 415 BCE.
38With the advice of Alcibiades, Sparta builds a fort at _________ that is extremely effective against Athens.
1. APylos
2. BPlataes
3. CPotidaea
4. DDecelea
39In Aristophanes’ Clouds, Strepsiades finds Socrates in the “Thinkery” doing what? —————.
1. A being suspended in the air in a mēchanē.
2. B being wheeled out on stage on an ekkuklema.
3. Clecturing his students while standing on a bēma.
4. Doffering sacrifice to the gods by pouring liquid into a bothros.
40Why was Sparta willing to make peace with Athens after the battle at Amphipolis in 421 BCE?
1. ASparta wanted the hostages captured at Sphacteria returned.
2. BSparta afraid of Athens’ influence on Messenians from the outpost at Pylos.
3. CSparta afraid about expiration of 30-year peace treaty with its hostile neighbor Argos.
4. Dall of the above
41In Plato’s Apology Socrates claims that he can’t have intentionally corrupted the youth because _____.
1. Acorrupting the youth would make them harmful to Socrates himself, and nobody would willingly do that!
2. Bcorrupting the youth would undermine traditional Greek morality.
3. C corrupting the youth would make them stop paying Socrates for his professional teaching services.
4. Dall of the above
42In Plato’s Apology Socrates claims that he can’t both be an atheist and worship “new” gods because _____.
1. Athis is an ad hominem attack by his accusers.
2. B this is an ad hominem attack by his accusers.
3. Cthis is an example of post hoc ergo propter hoc reasoning.
4. Dthis is a contradiction in terms.
43Socrates accepts his death sentence because he thinks:
1. Adeath does not destroy the soul, but frees it from the body (a distraction).
2. Bdeath is nothing but sweet, endless, dreamless sleep.
3. Cdeath is an opportunity to visit with the souls of famous heroes in the underworld.
4. Dall of the above
44Socrates claims that he questions people in the agora because _____.
1. Ahe needs the money.
2. Bhe likes meeting new people and making friends.
3. C he is trying to prove that the god Apollo is correct.
4. Dhe is trying to corrupt the youth.
45Socrates explains that he has a daimon that tells him __________.
1. Awho to kill.
2. B what horse to bet on in the race.
3. Cyes” when he is saying something that is true.
4. D “no” when he is saying something that is false.
46In Aristophanes’ Clouds Strepsiades is afraid of the moon because _____.
1. Ahe is afraid of werewolves when the moon is full.
2. B the new moon signals the monthly interest due on his debts.
3. C the new moon signals the power of witchcraft.
4. D the waning moon reminds him of his mortality.
47In Aristophanes’ Clouds Strepsiades is in debt because of _____.
1. Ahis son’s thrifty nature
2. B his wife’s luxurious nature
3. Cthe cost of his son’s education
4. Dall of the above
48In Aristophanes’ Clouds Pheidippides explains that it is morally correct for him to beat his father because ____.
1. AStrepsiades is trying to cheat on his taxes.
2. B Strepsiades dishonored his mother by marrying a woman from Egypt.
3. C parents beat children to make them better and old age is a second childhood.
4. D the rule of the world is that the mighty do what they want and the weak must suffer it.
49Aristophanes’ Lysistrata can be considered “conservative” because _____.
1. A at the end, the women climb down from the acropolis and return to their “traditional” roles as wives and
  mothers
  
  c) at the end, women remain in control of the city’s finances
  d) at the end, Aristophanes won first place in the poetic competition.
2. B at the end, the men continue fighting.
3. Cat the end, women remain in control of the city’s finances
4. D at the end, Aristophanes won first place in the poetic competition.
50Socrates was probably put to death because of _____.
1. A corrupting the youth
2. B not believing in the gods of the Athenians
3. C his uncompromising morals and habit of making Athenians feel guilty
4. Dhis friendship and involvement with Critias and other members of the 30 Tyrants
51What does the contrast of demos vs. domos refer to?
1. Apublic vs. private spheres
2. Babroad vs. domestic locations
3. C comic vs. tragic plays
4. Dmen vs. women
52Who is NOT an accuser of Socrates?
1. AAnytus
2. BHippolytus
3. CMeletus
4. DLycon
53What does metoikos mean?
1. A charioteer
2. Bsea merchant
3. C city coordinator
4. D resident alien
54How large was an Athenian jury of the court?
1. A10-12
2. B50-212
3. C415-1,001
4. D501-2,000
55How large was an Athenian jury of the court?
1. A the theater of Dionysus
2. B Pyrtaneion
3. C a symposium
4. DAegospotami
56The Spartan war strategy is:
1. A An all-in frontal attack.
2. BA sneak-in surprise attack during the night.
3. C To starve them out by destroying crops and blocking imports.
4. D Spartans are too busy partying to fight.
57How long did the “30 Year” peace treaty between Athens and Sparta actually last?
1. A 5 years
2. B 14 years
3. C 23 years
4. D 30 years
58How does Socrates prove himself to be the wisest of all men? a
1. Apoints out his pricey education.
2. B Admits his ignorance.
3. C Requests his students speak in his defense.
4. DRecites the Iliad and Odyssey to the jury.
59What is a Greek comedic play?
1. A A safe opportunity for the common man to question politics and criticize the majority culture.
2. B A funny display of impromptu jokes and gestures on stage.
3. C A scripted play solely meant for entertainment and a demonstration of the playwright's mastery over
  irony.
4. DA circus-like show that has acrobatics and little or no plot or storyline dictating the actors’ movements.
60The social reversal seen in Aristophanes’s Lysistrata is: a) Lower class become the elite.
1. A Lower class become the elite.
2. BWomen become politically dominant over men.
3. CFoot soldiers command more respect than the Equites.
4. DSlaves not only participate in, but also contribute to the upper class.
61Passage #1
“For our part, we will not make a long speech no one would believe, full of fine moral arguments—that our empire is justified because we defeated the Persians, or that we are coming against you for an injustice you have done to us. And we don’t want you to think you can persuade us by saying that you did not fight on the side of the Lacedaemonians in the war, though you were their colony, or that you have done us no injustice. Instead, let’s work out what we can do on the basis of what both sides truly accept: we both know that decisions about justice are made in human discussions only when both sides are under equal compulsion; but when one side is stronger, it gets as much as it can, and the weak must accept that.”

Identify where this passage comes from: ______________.
1. ALysias’ On the Murder of Eratosthenes
2. B Plato’s Apology of Socrates
3. CHerodotus’ Histories
4. DThucydides’ History of the Peloponnesian War
62Who is speaking to whom? ______________.
1. ASocrates to his jury
2. B Ambassadors of Persia to ambassadors of Athens
3. CAmbassadors of Athens to ambassadors of Melos
4. DSparta to its allies
63What is the speaker’s main point in this passage? ______________.
1. Athe addressee is a colony of Lacedaemonia
2. B defeating Persia gives the speakers the right to ask for whatever they want
3. C the following speeches will be full of “fine moral arguments”
4. D justice (i.e., doing what is ‘right’ or ‘fair’) is the rule of the weak; the rule of the strong is to take
  whatever one wants
64Why does the author of the work include this passage in the text? ______________.
1. A author was eyewitness—this is what was really said
2. Bauthor is professional speech-writer and is just showing off his skill
3. Cauthor invents this speech so as to characterize the moral position of the speaker/speaker’s city
4. D author thinks speaker’s arguments are ‘morally’ correct, and he wants his readers to know it
65 In this text, the speaker believes in the general principle ______.
1. A a) good things come to those who wait.
2. B might makes right.
3. Cknow thyself and nothing in excess.
4. Dthe good guys always come out ahead in the end.
66In this text, the addressee believes he will be saved because _____.
1. A he believes in the immortality of the soul and is not afraid of death.
2. B he believes the underdog will win.
3. Che believe Athens will be merciful towards him
4. Dhe believes Sparta will save him.
67What happens as a result of this speech in the text? ________.
1. A addressee is saved by last minute rescue mission of Lacedaemonians
2. B speaker’s army destroys city of the addressee, kills the men and enslaves the women & children
3. C speaker and addressee forge bonds of close friendship
4. D addressee surrenders to speaker and hands over large amounts of money
68“For their part the Greeks, knowing that their fate was sealed by those who were coming over the mountain, fought with reckless fury, exerting every ounce of strength against the enemy. By this time, most of them had had their spears broken and were hewing down the Persians with their swords. It was at this crisis that Leonidas fell, after showing exceptional courage, and with him many notable Spartans whose names, together with the names of all three hundred, I have taken care to learn, they being men of great worth.”

Where does this passage come from? ______.
1. A Aristophanes’ Clouds
2. B Herodotus’ Histories
3. C Thucydides’ History of the Peloponnesian War
4. D Lysias’ On the Murder of Eratosthenes
69What is the author describing here? _____.
1. Athe battle at Plataea
2. B the battle at Marathon
3. C the battle at Sicily
4. Dthe battle at Thermopylae
70What happened in this battle that made it so famous? _______.
1. A the Spartans, Athenians, and Plataeans defeated the remnants of Xerxes’ great Persian army
2. B the Athenians held off Persian invaders almost single-handedly
3. Cmore than 300 Spartans and other Greeks lost their lives holding off a much larger Persian army for
  several days
4. D in the aftermath, Socrates proves himself a heroic fighter and saved Alcibiades’ life
71Why does the author include this episode in his narrative? ____.
1. A author thinks this episode represents the character of a free state vs. subject state
2. Bauthor thinks this episode is a major event that changes the outcome of the war he is describing
3. C author thinks this episode represents the national character of the two opposing sides
4. Dall of the above
72By saying that he has taken care to learn “the names of all three hundred,” what is the author doing? _____.
1. Abeing thankful that he didn’t have to memorize more names
2. B likening himself to Homer who commemorates the heroic actions of brave men who died young in battle
3. C lying to his audience, since he does not go on to list the 300 names
4. Dtrying to make us feel guilty for not memorizing the 300 names ourselves
73What happened as a result of the events described here? ____.
1. A the Greeks came together to resist the Persian invasion as a single nation.
2. BAthens continued its policy of “moderate empire.”
3. C the author’s book became a best-seller.
4. DAeschylus made the event into a tragedy produced at Athens.
74 A modern statue of Leonidas in Sparta bears the inscription molon labe which means _____.
1. A “tonight we dine in hell!”
2. B “this is Sparta!”
3. C “come and get it!”
4. D “even gods can bleed!”
75The Greeks chose to fight the Persians in this location because ______.
1. A it was narrow and would work against the Persian army’s superior size.
2. B it was hot and would work against the Persian army’s sensitivity to temperature.
3. Cit was dark and the Persians were not familiar with the territory.
4. D it was close to silver mines and the Greeks wanted to protect those.
76Passage #5
“But the greatest misery of all was the dejection of mind in those who found themselves beginning to be sick, for as soon as they made up their minds it was hopeless, they gave up and made much less resistance to the disease. Another misery was their dying like sheep, as they became infected by caring for one another; and this brought about the greatest mortality. For if people held back from visiting each other through fear, then they died in neglect, and many houses were emptied because there was no one to provide care. If they did visit each other, they died, and these were mainly the ones who made some pretense to virtue. For these people would have been ashamed to spare themselves, and so they went into their friends’ houses, especially at the end, when even family members, worn out by the lamentations of the dying, were overwhelmed by the greatness of the calamity. ... The present affliction was aggravated by the crowding of country folk into the city, which was especially unpleasant for those who came in. They had no houses, and because they were living in shelters that were stifling in the summer, their mortality was out of control.”

What text does this passage come from? _____.
1. A Herodotus’ Histories
2. B Plato’s Apology
3. C Clouds
4. D Thucydides History of the Peloponnesian War
77What event is being described in this passage? ____.
1. Athe Corcyrean Revolution
2. B the battle at Thermopylae
3. Cthe plague at Athens
4. D the destruction of Melos
78The author takes special care describing this event because _____.
1. A he was trained in the “new education” system which included study of medicine.
2. B he is trying to entertain his readers with tales of the macabre.
3. Che thinks the events described here represent the cruelty of the Spartans.
4. Dall of the above

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