Study Guide: Acid-Base Balance

1

The most acidic body substance of the following is

1

Which of the following is an acid-forming food?

1

Which of the following is a base-forming food?

1

An acid-forming element is

1

Acidic ketone bodies are associated with cellular metabolism of:

1

Citrus fruits, such as oranges and grapefruit, have a significant effect on acid-base balance

1

A vegetarian diet would tend to produce an alkaline state in body fluids

1

Potassium salts of hemoglobin inside the red blood cell primarily buffer

1

A serious complication of vomiting is

1

The process of exchanging a bicarbonate ion formed in the red blood cell with a chloride ion formed in the red blood cell with a chloride ion from the plasma is called chloride shift

1

Buffers control pH in a manner that requires no other mechanism of pH control to maintain homeostasis

1

The blood buffer system normally converts a strong acid to a weak acid

1

Bicarbonate loading by athletes has proven to be mildly successful in diminishing the muscle soreness and fatigue associated with strenuous exercise

1

Elevated CO2 levels result in increased formation of carbonic acid in red blood cells

1

All of the following would increase the respiration rate except

1

The kidney tubules secrete hydrogen ions in exchange of

1

A decrease in blood pH accelerates tubule excretion of:

1

Prolonged hyperventilation may increase blood pH enough to cause alkalosis

1

The more hydrogen ions secreted by the renal tubule, the fewer potassium ions secreted

1

Intravenous administration of normal saline is used for metabolic acidosis

1

Which of the following organs is/are considered the most effective regulator(s) of blood pH?

1

What is the pH of the blood

1

If the ratio of sodium bicarbonate to carbonate ions is lowered (perhaps 10 to 1) and blood pH is also lowered, what is the condition called?

1

If a person hyperventilates for a sufficient time period, which of the following will probably develop?

1

Normal saline is a therapy option for severe vomiting because this solution provides ( chloride, hydrogen, sodium, potassium ) ions, which replace bicarbonate ions that are responsible for the metabolic imbalance.