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Study Guide: Acid-Base Balance

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Study Guide: Acid-Base Balance
Alexandra Bozan
Quiz by Alexandra Bozan, updated more than 1 year ago
Alexandra Bozan
Created by Alexandra Bozan over 7 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
The most acidic body substance of the following is
Answer
  • gastric juice
  • pancreatic juice
  • bile
  • urine

Question 2

Question
Which of the following is an acid-forming food?
Answer
  • grapefruit
  • meat
  • orange juice
  • coffee

Question 3

Question
Which of the following is a base-forming food?
Answer
  • fruit
  • vegetable
  • egg
  • both fruit and vegetable

Question 4

Question
An acid-forming element is
Answer
  • sulfur
  • calcium
  • potassium
  • sodium

Question 5

Question
Acidic ketone bodies are associated with cellular metabolism of:
Answer
  • proteins
  • carbohydrates
  • fats
  • minerals

Question 6

Question
Citrus fruits, such as oranges and grapefruit, have a significant effect on acid-base balance
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 7

Question
A vegetarian diet would tend to produce an alkaline state in body fluids
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 8

Question
Potassium salts of hemoglobin inside the red blood cell primarily buffer
Answer
  • carbonic acid
  • lactic acid
  • phosphoric acid
  • sulfuric acid

Question 9

Question
A serious complication of vomiting is
Answer
  • carbonic acid
  • bicarbonate deficit
  • metabolic alkalosis
  • metabolic acidosis

Question 10

Question
The process of exchanging a bicarbonate ion formed in the red blood cell with a chloride ion formed in the red blood cell with a chloride ion from the plasma is called chloride shift
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 11

Question
Buffers control pH in a manner that requires no other mechanism of pH control to maintain homeostasis
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 12

Question
The blood buffer system normally converts a strong acid to a weak acid
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 13

Question
Bicarbonate loading by athletes has proven to be mildly successful in diminishing the muscle soreness and fatigue associated with strenuous exercise
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 14

Question
Elevated CO2 levels result in increased formation of carbonic acid in red blood cells
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 15

Question
All of the following would increase the respiration rate except
Answer
  • decreased blood pH
  • decreased carbon dioxide
  • increased arterial blood CO2
  • all increase respirations

Question 16

Question
The kidney tubules secrete hydrogen ions in exchange of
Answer
  • K+
  • Na+
  • Ca++
  • Cl

Question 17

Question
A decrease in blood pH accelerates tubule excretion of:
Answer
  • hydrogen
  • ammonia
  • both hydrogen and ammonia
  • none of the above

Question 18

Question
Prolonged hyperventilation may increase blood pH enough to cause alkalosis
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 19

Question
The more hydrogen ions secreted by the renal tubule, the fewer potassium ions secreted
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 20

Question
Intravenous administration of normal saline is used for metabolic acidosis
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 21

Question
Which of the following organs is/are considered the most effective regulator(s) of blood pH?
Answer
  • kidneys
  • intestines
  • lungs
  • stomach

Question 22

Question
What is the pH of the blood
Answer
  • 7.0 to 8.0
  • 7.6 to 7.8
  • 6.2 to 7.4
  • 7.3 to 7.4

Question 23

Question
If the ratio of sodium bicarbonate to carbonate ions is lowered (perhaps 10 to 1) and blood pH is also lowered, what is the condition called?
Answer
  • uncompensated metabolic acidosis
  • uncompensated metabolic alkalosis
  • compensated metabolic acidosis
  • compensated metabolic alkalosis

Question 24

Question
If a person hyperventilates for a sufficient time period, which of the following will probably develop?
Answer
  • metabolic acidosis
  • metabolic alkalosis
  • respiratory acidosis
  • respiratory alkalosis

Question 25

Question
Normal saline is a therapy option for severe vomiting because this solution provides [blank_start]chloride[blank_end] ions, which replace bicarbonate ions that are responsible for the metabolic imbalance.
Answer
  • chloride
  • hydrogen
  • sodium
  • potassium

Question 26

Question
In the presence of a strong acid, which of the following is true?
Answer
  • Sodium bicarbonate will react to produce carbonic acid
  • Sodium bicarbonate will react to produce more sodium bicarbonate
  • Carbonic acid will react to produce more sodium bicarbonate
  • Carbonic acid will react to form more carbonic acid
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