Karteikarten
HESI A&P (pg105-108)
Karten in diesem Stapel (48)
- 1The major body cavities? (2 main, 4 sub)Dorsal Cavity--(cranial & spinal)
Ventral Cavity--(thoracic & abdominopelvic) - 2Histologystudy of tissues
- 3What are the 4 fundamental tissues?Epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous
epi-layers, thicker at bottom
connective-nerves everywhere
muscle-long stringy
nervous-one big stretchy eye - 4Epithelial Cellscover, line, and protect the body and its internal organs;
it is AVASCULAR (lacks blood vessels) - 5SIMPLE squamous, cuboidal, columnarsquamous- Allows passage of materials by diffusion & filtration in sites where protection is not important; secretes lubricating substance
all-secretion & absorption - 6STRATIFIED squamous, cuboidal, columnarsquamous-protects tissues in areas subjected to abrasion
all protects - 7PSEUDOSTRATIFIED ciliated columnar (long wit hair at the top)secretion of mucus; pushing mucus forward by cilia
- 8Connective Tissueframework of the body, providing support and structure for the organs
- 9Nerve TissueComposed of neurons and connective tissue cells that are referred to as neuroglia
- 10Muscle Tissue What are the two types of muscle tissues and name examples from both.Muscle tissues have the ability to contract or shorten.
Voluntary muscle--(skeletal muscle)
Involuntary muscle--(smooth & cardiac muscle) - 11Cellbasic unit of life and the building block of tissues and organs
- 12Nucleuscontains deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
- 13Ribosomesimportant in the synthesis of proteins
- 14Proteinsinclude the enzymes that regulate all chemical reactions within the body
- 15Mitosisnecessary for growth and repair.
DNA is duplicated and distributed into two daughter cells - 16Meiosisspecial cell division that takes place in the gonads (ovaries/testes).
The chromosome number is reduced from 46 to 23 so when the egg & sperm unite in fertilization, the zygote will have the correct # of chromosomes - 172 layers of skin sit on top of what?epidermis & dermis
subcutaneous tissue that connects the skin to the superficial muscles - 18Layers of epidermis Which layer does mitosis occur?stratum corneum (outer)
stratum germinativum (inner) is where mitosis occurs - 19Epidermal cells contain the protein pigment called?melanin, which protects against radiation from the sun
- 202 types of sweat glandsEccrine & Sebaceous
- 21Eccrine glandswidely distributed, regulate body temp by releasing water secretion that evaporates from the surface of the skin
- 22Apocrine secretionin which parts of the cell are in secretion; contains bits of cytoplasm & the cell debris attracts bacteria=body odor; armpits & groin
- 23Sebaceous glandsrelease an oily secretion (sebum) through the hair follicles that lubricates the skin and prevents drying
- 24Holocrine secretionproduces sebum; in which whole cells of the gland are part of the secretion; pimples
- 25What are the appendages of the skin?Hair & nails
- 26What is the strong protein that makes up hair and nails?keratin
- 27What make up the skeletal system?bone, cartilage, ligaments, and joints
- 28The axial skeleton consists of __ bones of the skull.28
- 29Hemopoiesisblood cell formation
- 30Where is interstitial fluid found in the body?in the tissues around cells
- 31What is the normal pH in the body?7.35-7.45
less would be acidosis,
more would be alkalosis - 32Functions of the skeletal system?support, movement, hemopoiesis, protection of internal organs, detoxification (removal of poisons), provision for muscle attachment, and mineral storage (calcium & phosphorus)
- 33Why are bones considered to be organs?They contain nervous & connective tissue
- 34Bone classificationslong, short, flat, irregular, sesamoid
- 35Cancellous bone & Compact bonespongy bone @ the ends of long bones/epiphysis
@the shaft/diaphysis - 36What are cells that form compact bones?Osteoblasts (responsible for bone formation)
((osteocytesbreakdown)) - 37Foraminasmall openings in the body which allow cranial nerves, arteries, and veins to pass through solid structures
- 38Where is the hyoid bone located?neck
- 39List the sequence of the vertebral column (from superior to inferior)Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccyx
- 40Synovial jointsmost moveable joint, have fluid-filled capsule, most common body joint
- 41Fibrocartilaginous jointin the vertebral discs of spinal column, allow slight movement
- 42Muscle contraction is result of what two fibers?Actin and Myosin filaments
- 43SarcomeresSmall units that make up myofibrils which make up each muscle cell
- 44What must be present for a muscle cell to contract?Calcium and adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
- 45What is the longest muscle in the human body?Sartorius
(in the front of the thigh, from hip to end of femur) - 46SynergistsMuscles that work in cooperation with the prime mover muscle
- 47Ligaments connect which two structures?Bone to bone
- 48Tendons connect which two structures?Muscle to bone
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- Beschreibung
- Tissues & Skin & Skeletal System
- Erstellt von
- Gelöschter Nutzer · Jan 2017
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- 18 Jan 2017
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