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MEDIA THEORIES
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- 1MEDIA THEORIES A2 EXAMNARRATIVE
- 2TODOROV 5 STATES1. Equilibrium: All is in order, characters, setting and narrative introduced
(Adoption Process)
2. Disruption: A problem occurs to disrupt the equilibrium
(Noticing Esther may be different)
3. Recognition of Disruption: Something happens that tells the audience/characters there’s a problem.
(Esther kills)
4. Attempt to repair: Try to fix the problem. Things in this stage are a consequence of the problem that has occurred earlier.
(Chase sequences)
5. New Equilibrium: Problems are solved. A new equilibrium is built. Narrative end.
(Ambiguous) - 3Story: full sequence of events unfolding in chronological time. (Both) Plot: What shown/seen on screen, essential key points of story (done to maximise effects) Linear: Everything runs in chronological order (Both) Non-linear: Time and events don’t occur from start to finish (flashbacks, ellipsis, enigma) (Fixation) Open Narrative: continuous narrative, plot can continue (Swindler) Closed Narrative: clear beginning, middle and endStrands -
Single Plot: One narrative stand running throughout
(Both) Double Plot: Two narrative stands
Multiple Plot: Number of narrative strands
Parallel: Number of plots unfolding at the same time, never interacting until the end
Intertwined: Number of plots that weave in and out, ending bringing them all together - 4AUTEUR THEORYFilm directors who are considered to have a distinctive and recognisable style.
E.g. James Cameron – Terminator, Aliens, Titanic & Avatar = Strong female, distinctive males, action, disaster, freedom morals - 5CHARACTER: PROPP 8 CHARACTER TYPES(That apply)
The Villain: Conflict with hero, stop them succeeding (The antagonist ‘Meredith’)
The Hero: Leads narrative, trying to solve (The protagonist ‘Anna’)
The Donor/Helper: Offers hero something to complete their quest (Person on phone) - 6MULVEY MALE GAZEFeminist film theorist
- films give the male perspective onto women that objectify them.
Females = the primary erotic image, making men more dominant - 7DISMEMBERMENTSexual focus onto women, e.g. close ups (as if from male perspective)
- 8FREUD FEAR OF CASTRATIONThat without the male character being enforced by the female, the male cannot be dominant
- 9AUDIENCEDemographics: Income, age, gender, race, location
Psychographics: Personality, values, opinions, lifestyle
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Passive: Immediately accepts message without question
Active: Question the message - 10HYPODERMIC NEEDLE THEORYDeveloped in the 1920/30s after research into the effects of propaganda
Passive audience – immediate persuasive effects
Everyone accepts message without questioning it - 11Blumler & Katz Uses & Gratification TheoryPersonal Identity: Self-reflected in texts, learning behaviour and values
(Adoption, see self as the protagonist)
Informal: To be information and educated about the world
(Thrillers, adoption, different lives)
Entertainment Escape: Amuse us, escape to everyday problems and routines
(Thrillers/films in general, thrillers = most different to real life)
Social Interaction: Using media to interact, feeling close to the media/characters
(Thrillers & enigmas allow audiences to communicate) - 12TWO STEP FLOWLeaders, audiences are more likely to believe and process information given to them by someone they trust. E.g. Celebrities
- Was ruled out, until recent findings on twitter
(Importance of social media, if friends share = more likely to consume) - 13INOCULATION THEORYPassive audience, argument that long term exposure makes audience immune to the message being shown to them
- Less shocked, thriller and horrors are often blamed for case studies
- Media used as scapegoat?
- Thrillers = have to push boundaries to effect audience w/ tension = not be stereotypical - 14MASLOW HIERARCHY OF NEEDSPhysiological, safety, esteem, cognitive, aesthetic, becomingness and self-actualisation -
Most needed -> wants, need underneath to achieve the above
(Cognitive – enigma, Aesthetic – need for art, Becomingness – feeling apart of the group) - 15SOCIO ECONOMIC GROUPSA: High Ranking e.g. manager or profession e.g. law
B: Middle managers in companies or public services
C: Junior managers or supervisors
C2: Skilled manual workers
D: Unskilled manual workers
E: Unemployed / low income - 16LIFE STYLE CATEGORIESDrifters: Unsure of what they want
Egoists: Get the most pleasure out of life
Groupies: Want to be accepted by others
Puritans: Want to feel they have done their duty
Traditionalists: Wants everything to remain the same
Trendies: Wants admiration from others in peer group
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- Beschreibung
- media theories for A2 ocr exam
- Erstellt von
- Gelöschter Nutzer · Feb 2017
- Aktualisiert
- 5 Feb 2017
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- Erstellt von kit-kat-98 · 31 Mär 2016
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