My chemistry revision

Seite 1

Lithium:

It fizzes

It moves slowly on the surface of the water

It dissolves

A lit splint causes a squeaky pop. (hydrogen)

The universal indicator turns blue : pH 13/14

Sodium:

It fizzes

It moves quicker on the surface of the water

It produces enough heat to melt itself into a droplet shape.

It dissolves

A lit splint causes a squeaky pop (hydrogen)

The universal indicator turned blue.

Potassium:

It fizzes

It moves very quickly on the surface of the water

Ignites wit a lilac flame.

Crackles as hydrogen ignites.

The universal indicator turned blue.

Metal + Oxygen= Metal Oxide

Metal + Water= Metal Hydroxide (in solution) + hydrogen

Metal + Steam+ Metal Oxide +hydrogen

The metals: magnesium, calcium, iron and zinc all reacted with decreasing vigor. Copper did not react at all. The metals which did react produced hydrogen gas and a salt.

Hydrochloric acid: Hcl: chloride

Sulfuric acid: H2SO4: sulfate

Nitric acid: HNO3: Nitrate

DISPLACEMENT REACTIONS

A more reactive metal will displace (take the place of) a less reactive metal in a solution of its salt.

Appearance of Copper Sulfate Solution: Blue Solution

Appearance of iron filings: Grey filings

Initial temperature: 20.5/21.0/22.0

Final temperature: 29.0

Appearance of products: red solid and a pale green solution.

Iron is a more reactive metal than Copper Copper so it will displace copper from the solution of Copper Sulfate.

A more reactive metal will displace a less reactive metal from its heated oxide.

Reduction means loss of oxygen from a compound.

Oxidation means addition of oxygen to an element.

Both of these processes must occur together and the whole reaction is called a redox reaction.

A thermit reaction is a highly exothermic reaction.

Carbon and hydrogen are two non-metals which are placed in the activity series.

C is between Al and Zn

H is between Pb and Cu

Carbon and Aluminium will displace any metal below them.

Carbon is a good reducing agent.

random: the mixture is put into cold water to prevent the Carbon reacting with the

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