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Post Translational Modifications

Eva Bonning 11 Fragen

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  1. 1Which type of enzyme facilitates phosphorylation (addition of a phosphate)
    1. APhosphotase
    2. BKinase
    3. CHydroxylase
    4. DTransferase
  2. 2What is the purpose of phosphorylation?
    1. ARegulation of protein function via causing a conformational change to activate or inactivate it
    2. BFacilitation of hydrogen bond formation
    3. CRegulation of protein function to fine-tune its activity to be more specific
    4. DFacilitation of nucleation to form secondary protein structures
  3. 3Phosphorylation of a substrate means the addition of a highly [blank_start]negatively[blank_end] charged [blank_start]phosphate[blank_end], which means that it will then [blank_start]repel[blank_end] negative charges or [blank_start]attract[blank_end] positive charges relatively strongly. The phosphate is generally added to amino acids with [blank_start]hydroxyl[blank_end] ([blank_start]OH[blank_end]) groups in their side chains. Two examples of this include the Na+/K+ [blank_start]pump[blank_end] or the [blank_start]insulin[blank_end] receptor. Addition of the phosphate activates a [blank_start]glucose[blank_end] transporter to get glucose from the [blank_start]blood[blank_end] into the [blank_start]cell[blank_end].
    1. Anegatively
    2. Bphosphate
    3. Crepel
    4. Dattract
    5. Ehydroxyl
    6. FOH
    7. Gpump
    8. Hinsulin
    9. Iglucose
    10. Jblood
    11. Kcell
  4. 4What type of enzyme adds an OH group to a substrate
    1. AHydroxylase
    2. BAlkylase
    3. CCarboxylase
    4. DKinase
  5. 5Which of the following is CORRECT
    1. AHydroxylase requires Vitamin C as a cofactor to keep Fe3+ in its oxidised state
    2. BHydroxylase requires Vitamin C as a cofactor to keep Fe2+ in its reduced state
    3. CHydroxylase requires Vitamin K as a cofactor to keep Fe2+ in its reduced state
    4. DHydroxylase requires Vitamin K as a cofactor to keep Fe3+ in its oxidised state
  6. 6What is the function of the hydroxylase enzyme
    1. ATo facilitate hydrogen bond formation
    2. BTo facilitate the formation of covalent bonds with adjacent proteins
    3. CThe regulate protein function by turning it on and off due to the addition of an alkyl group
    4. DTo regulate protein function via the addition of a strong negative charge
  7. 7An example of where the hydroxylase enzyme is useful is in [blank_start]collagen[blank_end]. [blank_start]Collagen[blank_end] is made up of a [blank_start]triple[blank_end] stranded [blank_start]helix[blank_end] with lots of L[blank_start]ysine[blank_end] and P[blank_start]roline[blank_end] amino acids. By adding more h[blank_start]ydroxyl[blank_end] groups to these amino acids means there's plenty of opportunity for s[blank_start]tabilising[blank_end] [blank_start]hydrogen[blank_end] bonds to form between them and hold the structure together. Scurvy occurs when you have a vitamin [blank_start]C[blank_end] deficiency in your diet, so you don't have the [blank_start]co-factor[blank_end] for this reaction to occur and your collagen isn't strong enough.
    1. Acollagen
    2. BCollagen
    3. Ctriple
    4. Dhelix
    5. Eysine
    6. Froline
    7. Gydroxyl
    8. Htabilising
    9. Ihydrogen
    10. JC
    11. Kco-factor
  8. 8Which of the following is CORRECT
    1. AGamma carboxylation is the addition of another COO- group to glutamate to form glutamic acid (Gla)
    2. BGamma carboxylation is the addition of another COOH group to glutamate to form glutamic acid (Gla)
    3. CGamma carboxylation is the addition of another COOH group to glutamic acid (Gla) to form glutamate
    4. DGamma carboxylation is the addition of another COO- group to glutamic acid (Gla) to form glutamate
  9. 9Which of the following is CORRECT
    1. ACarboxylase requires vitamin K as a cofactor
    2. BHydroxylase requires vitamin K as a cofactor
    3. CCarboxylase requires vitamin C as a cofactor
    4. DCarboxylase does not require a cofactor
  10. 10Gamma carboxylation occurs in the [blank_start]blood[blank_end] [blank_start]clotting[blank_end] pathway, the addition of an extra [blank_start]COO-[blank_end] to [blank_start]Glutamate[blank_end] adds another [blank_start]negative[blank_end] charge, meaning that it can attract [blank_start]Ca2+[blank_end]. This causes a [blank_start]conformational[blank_end] change and [blank_start]activating[blank_end] the protein from its [blank_start]inactive[blank_end] form, setting off the pathway. Warfarin is a blood [blank_start]thinner[blank_end] which [blank_start]inhibits[blank_end] the Vitamin [blank_start]K[blank_end] [blank_start]reducing[blank_end] [blank_start]enzyme[blank_end] (as Vitamin K must be in its [blank_start]reduced[blank_end] form to act as a cofactor), which in turn inhibits the pathway activation so clots will not form inappropriately,
    1. Ablood
    2. Bclotting
    3. CCOO-
    4. DGlu
    5. Enegative
    6. FCa2+
    7. Gconformational
    8. Hactivates
    9. Iinactive
    10. Jthinner
    11. Kinhibits
    12. LK
    13. Mreducing
    14. Nenzyme
    15. Oreduced

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Beschreibung
Medicine (BIOC 192) Quiz am Post Translational Modifications, erstellt von Eva Bonning am 12/09/2017.
Sprache
English
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Schlagwörter
medicinebioc 192
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