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Quiz

MD9 Oxidation

Mer Scott 15 Fragen

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Fragen in diesem Quiz (15)

  1. 1Choose the incorrect statement.
    1. AOxidation is a common form of degradation and drugs are often in reduced form.
    2. BOxygen is ~ 40% of air, and dissolved in water.
    3. COxidation reactions are complex and often involve multiple intermediates, and are poorly understood.
    4. DOxidation proceeds through free radical reaction pathways .
  2. 2As temperature increases, oxygen content decreases.
    1. ARichtig
    2. BFalsch
  3. 3You can boil and purge water with N2 or CO2 to lower its oxygen content.
    1. ARichtig
    2. BFalsch
  4. 4Which of these is not a functional group prone to oxidation?
    1. APhenolic compunds
    2. BSulfhydryl groups
    3. CUnsaturated compounds
    4. DEster groups
  5. 5Autoxidation is oxidation that takes place [blank_start]spontaneously[blank_end] under [blank_start]mild[blank_end] conditions, and usually involves molecular [blank_start]oxygen[blank_end] and chain reactions as well as light, heat, and catalysts which cause [blank_start]initiation[blank_end]. Once initiation has formed a [blank_start]free radical[blank_end], propagation occurs via a [blank_start]peroxyradical[blank_end] and then [blank_start]hydrogen peroxide[blank_end]. Termination occurs when [blank_start]two radicals[blank_end] can react together.
    1. Aspontaneously
    2. Bmild
    3. Coxygen
    4. Dinitiation
    5. Efree radical
    6. Fperoxyradical
    7. Ghydrogen peroxide
    8. Htwo radicals
  6. 6Olefin autoxidation is when [blank_start]peroxide[blank_end] breakdown causes formation of [blank_start]two[blank_end] radicals. This results in [blank_start]chain branching[blank_end] of the propagation.
    1. Aperoxide
    2. Btwo
    3. Cchain branching
  7. 7The first method for stabilisation against oxidation is to [blank_start]reduce[blank_end] the rate of initiation, ki.
    Rate of initiation is sped up by [blank_start]catalytic metal ions[blank_end], which can come from water, [blank_start]buffers[blank_end], or packaging. We can stabilise against this by including [blank_start]chelating[blank_end] agents, the most common being [blank_start]EDTA[blank_end]; Ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid. [blank_start]Citric acid[blank_end] is also common and tartaric acid and H3PO4 can also be used.
    Protection from [blank_start]light[blank_end] will also decrease the rate of initiation. We can do this by storing in dark cupboard, packaging in [blank_start]amber glass or opaque[blank_end] containers, and having [blank_start]secondary outer packaging[blank_end].
    1. Areduce
    2. Bcatalytic metal ions
    3. Cbuffers
    4. Dchelating
    5. EEDTA
    6. FCitric acid
    7. Glight
    8. Hamber glass or opaque
    9. Isecondary outer packaging
  8. 8Choose the incorrect statement about chelating agents.
    1. AConcentration range for them is 0.01 – 0.1% (w/v)
    2. BTheir metal-binding capacity is pH-dependent
    3. CThey are most effective when fully ionised
    4. DThey experience loss of chelating capacity at high pH
  9. 9The second method for stabilisation against oxidation is to [blank_start]increase[blank_end] the rate of termination, kt.
    This can be done with chain terminators ([blank_start]antioxidants[blank_end]); agents which [blank_start]donate a hydrogen[blank_end] to a radical while themselves form radicals that are [blank_start]stable[blank_end] and incapable of continuing the propagation chain cycle or [blank_start]dimerise[blank_end] to form an inert molecule.
    1. Aincrease
    2. Bantioxidants
    3. Cdonate a hydrogen
    4. Dstable
    5. Edimerise
  10. 10Water soluble terminators are thiol species.
    1. ARichtig
    2. BFalsch

Informationen

Beschreibung
PHCY211 (Medicines) Quiz am MD9 Oxidation, erstellt von Mer Scott am 13/05/2018.
Sprache
English
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10
Schlagwörter
phcy211medicines
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