PHARMA

Question 1

The home care nurse is assessing an older patient diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in the home setting. Which information is of concern?

Accepted Answer

b. The patient has lost 10 pounds (4.5 kg) during the last month.

Answer

a. The patient's son uses a marked pillbox to set up the patient's medications weekly.

Answer

c. The patient is cared for by a daughter during the day and stays with a son at night.

Answer

d. The patient tells the nurse that a close friend recently died.

Question 2

The nurse is assisting a 79-year-old patient with information about diet and weight loss. The patient has a body mass index (BMI) of 31. How should the nurse instruct this patient?

Accepted Answer

d. "You are considered obese and will need to consult with your doctor about a plan that includes exercises, not diet, to decrease weight."

Answer

a. "Your weight is within normal limits. Continue maintaining with current lifestyle choices."

Answer

b. "You are a little overweight. Cut down on calories and increase your activity, and you should be fine."

Answer

c. "You are morbidly obese, and we would like to schedule you an appointment to speak with a bariatric specialist about surgery."

Question 3

Critical Thinking: The nurse is doing a nutritional assessment on a patient with hypertension. What foods would be recommended for this patient?

Accepted Answer

b. low sodium diet

Answer

a. regular diet

Answer

c. pureed diet

Answer

d. low sugar diet

Question 4

During a nutritional assessment, the nurse calculates that a female patient's BMI is 27. The nurse would advise the patient to follow which of these recommendations?

Accepted Answer

a. This measurement indicates that the patient is overweight and should follow a plan of diet and exercise to lose weight.

Answer

b. This measurement indicates that the patient is underweight and will need to take measures to gain weight.

Answer

c. This measurement indicates that the patient is morbidly obese and may be a candidate for bariatric surgery.

Answer

d. This measurement indicates that the patient is of normal weight and should continue with current lifestyle.

Question 5

During an interview, the nurse is discussing dietary habits with a patient. Which tool would be the best choice to use as a quick screening tool to assess dietary intake?

Accepted Answer

d. 24-hour recall

Answer

a. Food diary

Answer

b. Calorie count

Answer

c. Comprehensive diet history

Question 6

Critical Thinking: During a physical examination, the nurse notes that the patient's skin is dry and flaking, with patches of eczema. Which nutritional deficiency might be present?

Accepted Answer

c. Essential fatty acid

Answer

a. Vitamin C

Answer

b. Vitamin B

Answer

d. Protein

Question 7

Critical Thinking: During a physical examination, the nurse notes that the patient's skin is dry and flaking, with patches of eczema. Which nutritional deficiency might be present?

Accepted Answer

a. Hair loss and hair that is easily removed from the scalp

Answer

b. Inflammation of the tongue and fissured tongue

Answer

c. Inflammation of peripheral nerves and numbness and tingling in extremities

Answer

d. Fissures and inflammation of the mouth

Question 8

An African American is at an increased risk for which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

a. Vitamin D deficiency

Accepted Answer

d. Type 2 diabetes

Accepted Answer

e. Hypertension

Accepted Answer

f. Metabolic syndrome

Answer

b. Type 1 diabetes

Answer

c. Celiac disease

Question 9

A patient who was diagnosed with senile dementia has become incontinent of urine. The patient's daughter asks the nurse why this is happening. The best response by the nurse is:

Accepted Answer

b. "The patient is losing sphincter control due to the dementia."

Answer

a. "The patient is angry about the dementia diagnosis."

Answer

c. "The patient forgets where the bathroom is located due to the dementia."

Answer

d. "The patient wants to leave the hospital."

Question 10

You are caring for a patient who has suffered a spinal cord injury. You are concerned about the patient's elimination status. As the nurse, your primary concern is to

Accepted Answer

b. establish a bowel and bladder program for the patient.

Answer

a. speak with the patient's family about food choices.

Answer

c. speak with the patient about past elimination habits.

Answer

d. establish a bedtime ritual for the patient.

Question 11

A older patient has developed age spots and is concerned about skin cancer. How would the nurse instruct the patient to check himself or herself?

Accepted Answer

c. "Monitor spots for color change."

Answer

a. "Limit the time you spend in the sun."

Answer

b. "Monitor for signs of infection."

Answer

d. "Use skin creams to prevent drying."

Question 12

A patient is to receive phototherapy for the treatment of psoriasis. What is the nursing priority for this patient?

Accepted Answer

c. Protection from excessive UV exposure

Answer

a. Obtaining a complete blood count (CBC)

Answer

b. Protection from excessive heat

Answer

d. Instructing the patient to take their multivitamin prior to treatment

Question 13

A patient was given a patch test to determine what allergen was responsible for their atopic dermatitis. The provider prescribes a steroid cream. What important instructions should the nurse give to the patient?

Accepted Answer

c. Apply a thin coat to affected areas; avoid the face and groin.

Answer

a. Apply the cream generously to affected areas.

Answer

b. Apply a thin coat to affected areas.

Answer

d. Apply an antihistamine along with applying a thin coat of steroid to affected areas.

Question 14

A patient in the outpatient setting was diagnosed with atopic dermatitis. What interventions will the plan of care focus primarily on?

Accepted Answer

b. Decreasing pruritus

Answer

a. Decreasing pain

Answer

c. Preventing infection

Answer

d. Promoting drying of lesions

Question 15

To help decrease the threat of a melanoma in a blonde-haired, fair-skinned patient at risk, the nurse would advise the patient to do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

d. Apply sunscreen 30 minutes prior to exposure.

Answer

a. Apply sunscreen 1 hour prior to exposure.

Answer

b. Drink plenty of water to prevent hot skin.

Answer

c. Use vitamins to help prevent sunburn by replacing lost nutrients.

Question 16

A nurse is educating a 21-year-old lifeguard about the risk of skin cancer and the need to wear sunscreen. Which statement by the patient indicates that they need further teaching?

Accepted Answer

b. "I don't bother with sunscreen on overcast days."

Answer

a. "I wear a hat and sit under the umbrella when not in the water."

Answer

c. "I use a sunscreen with the highest SPF number."

Answer

d. "I wear a UV shirt and limit exposure to the sun by covering up."

Question 17

A patient has cellulitis on the right forearm. The nurse would anticipate orders to administer medications to eradicate

Accepted Answer

d. Streptococcus pyogenes.

Answer

a. Candida albicans.

Answer

b. group A beta-hemolytic streptococci.

Answer

c. Staphylococcus aureus.

Question 18

A nurse is conducting community education classes on skin cancer. One participant says to the nurse: "I read that most melanomas occur on the face and arms in fair-skinned women. Is this true?" The nurse's most helpful response would be which of the following?

Accepted Answer

a. "That is not correct. Melanoma is more commonly found on the torso or the lower legs of women."

Answer

b. "That is correct, because the face and arms are exposed more often to the sun."

Answer

c. "That is not correct. Melanoma occurs on the top of the head in men but is rare in women."

Answer

d. "That is incorrect. Melanoma is most commonly seen in dark-skinned individuals."

Question 19

The nurse is instructing the nursing assistant to prevent pressure ulcers in a frail older patient; the nursing assistant understands the instruction when she agrees to

Accepted Answer

d. turn the patient at least every 2 hours.

Answer

a. bathe and dry the skin vigorously to stimulate circulation.

Answer

b. keep the head of the bed elevated 30 degrees.

Answer

c. limit intake of fluid and offer frequent snacks.

Question 20

A patient asks the nurse what the purpose of the Wood's light is. Which response by the nurse is accurate?

Accepted Answer

d. "It is used to identify the presence of infectious organisms and proteins associated with specific skin conditions."

Answer

a. "We will put an anesthetic on your skin to prevent pain."

Answer

b. "The lamp can help detect skin cancers."

Answer

c. "Some patients feel a pressure-like sensation."

PHARMA

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