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NMS Semester 2 Set 3 Quiz - General anaesthetics

. 24 Fragen

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  1. 1What does lipid theory say?
    1. AWhen the concentration of general anaesthetic exceeds 0.05mM, anaesthesia is induced as a result of a lipid volume increase of 0.4%. The lipid expansion interferes with nerve impulse conduction and thus anaesthesia is induced.
    2. BWhen the concentration of general anaesthetic exceeds 0.5mM, anaesthesia is induced as a result of a lipid volume increase of 0.4%. The lipid expansion interferes with nerve impulse conduction and thus anaesthesia is induced.
    3. CWhen the concentration of general anaesthetic exceeds 0.5mM, anaesthesia is induced as a result of a lipid volume increase of 4%. The lipid expansion interferes with nerve impulse conduction and thus anaesthesia is induced.
    4. DWhen the concentration of general anaesthetic exceeds 0.1mM, anaesthesia is induced as a result of a lipid volume increase of 0.4%. The lipid expansion interferes with nerve impulse conduction and thus anaesthesia is induced.
  2. 2What can reverse lipid theory?
    1. AHigh pressure - reduces lipid volume back to normal
    2. BLow pressure - reduces lipid volume back to normal
  3. 3What is protein theory?
    1. AA concentration of general anaesthetic that reaches 0.05mM leads to a lipid volume increase of 0.4% which induces anaesthesia. This is because the increase in lipid volume interferes with conduction of nerve impulses.
    2. BLipid solubility of general anaesthetics is required for the general anaesthetic to reach a hydrophobic pocket on a channel protein. Channel proteins targeted are usually ion channels like GABA, K+ or nAchR.
  4. 4Optical isomers of GA have the same lipid solubility and the same potency.
    1. ARichtig
    2. BFalsch
  5. 5What are the inhibitory responses caused by general anaesthetics?
    1. AOpening of K+ channels (efflux)
    2. BIncrease GABA activity
    3. CInhibit excitatory channels such as nAchR
    4. DIncrease glutaminergic activity
    5. EOpening of K+ channels (influx)
  6. 6What is meant by the cut-off phenomenon?
    1. AThe lipid solubility of a GA (and thus its potency) increases with the number of carbons in a GA but after a certain point (usually >11 carbons) the GA's potency abruptly declines.
    2. BAfter a certain high dose of GA, the patients condition rapidly deteriorates.
    3. CThe general anaesthetic stops working after a certain period of time.
  7. 7GA have a large therapeutic window.
    1. ARichtig
    2. BFalsch
  8. 8The minimum alveolar concentration effectively describes what?
    1. AThe more lipid soluble a GA is, the lower the concentration required in inspired air.
    2. BThe more lipid soluble a GA is, the higher the concentration required in inspired air.
    3. CThe less lipid soluble a GA is, the lower the concentration required in inspired air.
    4. DThe less lipid soluble a GA is, the higher the concentration required in inspired air.
  9. 9What increases transfer of GA to the alveoli?
    1. AIncreased concentration of GA
    2. BIncreased rate and depth of breathing
    3. CDecreased concentration of GA
    4. DDecreased rate and depth of breathing
  10. 10A higher blood:gas partition coefficient means that the GA is highly soluble in blood.
    1. ARichtig
    2. BFalsch

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