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Topic 2.0 Spinal Cord

Beschreibung

Anatomy Quiz am Topic 2.0 Spinal Cord, erstellt von Y Y am 26/01/2019.
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Quiz von Y Y, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Y Y vor mehr als 5 Jahre
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Zusammenfassung der Ressource

Frage 1

Frage
the spinal cord occupies the entire vertebral canal
Antworten
  • yes
  • no

Frage 2

Frage
the end of spinal cord (conus medullaris) in adults is at L2
Antworten
  • yes
  • no

Frage 3

Frage
the sacrum contains the subarachnoid space along the whole length of the sacral canal
Antworten
  • yes
  • no

Frage 4

Frage
the atlas has the first cervical spinal nerve on its posterior arch
Antworten
  • yes
  • no

Frage 5

Frage
the first spinal nerve has the shortest roots and the last one the longest
Antworten
  • yes
  • no

Frage 6

Frage
the connection between the dorsal and lateral funicle is called Lisauer zone (zone terminalis).
Antworten
  • yes
  • no

Frage 7

Frage
sulcus intermedius dorsali is a groove between sulcus medianus dorsalis and sulcus dorsolateralis in the upper thoracic and cervical part of the spinal cord
Antworten
  • yes
  • no

Frage 8

Frage
dorsal funiculus in the cervical segments contains fasciculus gracilis, laterally and fasciculus cuneatus, medially.
Antworten
  • yes
  • no

Frage 9

Frage
the spinal cord ends caudally at the coccyx
Antworten
  • yes
  • no

Frage 10

Frage
if in the process of doing a lumbar puncture a spinal needle was inserted posteriorly in the midline until it had just penetrated the posterior longitudinal ligament, would the needle have entered the subarachnoid space?
Antworten
  • yes
  • no

Frage 11

Frage
the part of a spinal nerve that supplies the true back muscles and the skin overlying them is the
Antworten
  • dorsal primary ramus
  • dorsal root
  • ventral primary ramus
  • ventral root

Frage 12

Frage
a football player suffers a herniated (ruptured) intervetebral disk in his neck. the disk compresses the spinal nerve exiting through the intevertebral foramen between the 5th and 6th cervical vertebrae. which spinal nerve is affected?
Antworten
  • C4
  • C5
  • C6
  • C7
  • C8

Frage 13

Frage
a man has a herniated intervetebral disk between the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae. if this disk compresses the spinal nerve in the intervertebral foramen immediately posterior to this disk, which spinal nerve would be affected.
Antworten
  • L3
  • L4
  • L5
  • S1
  • S2

Frage 14

Frage
both the dural sac and the subarachnoid space end at which vertebral level.
Antworten
  • L4
  • L5
  • S2
  • S1
  • S4

Frage 15

Frage
it is decided to image the spinal cord and spinal nerve rootlets by doing a myelogram (injection of a radio-opaque dye into the subarachnoid space followed by a radiograph). In order to inject the dye without injury to the spinal cord, the injection is usually done below what vertebral level?
Antworten
  • L1
  • L2
  • L3
  • L4
  • L5

Frage 16

Frage
The myelogram revealed that the dye had leaked out along the spinal nerves in the mid cervical region on the right side. For the dye to leak out, what layer must have been torn or ruptured.
Antworten
  • arachnoid
  • denticulate ligament
  • periosteum
  • pia
  • perineurium

Frage 17

Frage
in the lumbar spine, the L4 nerve root sleeve exits:
Antworten
  • above the pedicle of L4 and at the top of the intervertebral foramen
  • above the pedicle of L4 and at the bottom of the intervertebral foramen
  • below the pedicle of L4 and at the top of the intervertebral foramen
  • below the pedicle of L4 and at the bottom of the intervertebral foramen

Frage 18

Frage
which structure does NOT contain efferent autonomic nerve fibers
Antworten
  • dorsal ramus of c4
  • dorsal root of t6
  • ventral root of t3
  • ventral ramus of l2

Frage 19

Frage
it was noted that after the injury the patient's face on the right side was flushed due to dilation of the blood vessels. the lack of vasoconstriction was due to interruption of what fibers somewhere along their course?
Antworten
  • somatic afferent
  • somatic efferent
  • parasympathetic
  • sympathetic

Frage 20

Frage
a 60 year old male presented with a number of unusual signs and symptoms in the facial region. among others, it was found that the right side of his face was flushed (red). further testing revealed a lack of ability to sweat in the same cutaneous region. which nervous structures were most likely implicated in this set of clinical abnormalities.
Antworten
  • cranial outflow of the ans
  • dorsal roots of cervical nerves
  • gray rami communicantes of t5
  • sympathetic nerve fibers
  • vagus nerves

Frage 21

Frage
the conus medullaris
Antworten
  • exhibits both a cervical and lumbar enlargement
  • has a modification of neural tissue extending from its termination to the coccygeal ligament.
  • gives origin to most of the cauda equina
  • is found at its lowest extent at S2
  • is normally anesthetized to perform a spinal tap

Frage 22

Frage
a neuron with a cell body in the dorsal root ganglia could convey what type of fibers?
Antworten
  • motor to the deep back muscles
  • motor to the pectoralis major muscle
  • sensory from the skin overlying the trapezius
  • sympathetic preganglionics to the suprarenal medulla
  • visceral efferents to the stomach

Frage 23

Frage
which is a source of axons found in the dorsal primary ramus of the 4th thoracic spinal nerves
Antworten
  • afferent neurons arising from the skin overlying the trapezius muscle
  • somatic motor neurons supplying the levator scapulae muscle
  • somatic motor neurons supplying the rhomboid muscles
  • somatic motor neurons supplying the trapezius muscle

Frage 24

Frage
the denticulate ligament
Antworten
  • is a modification of pia mater
  • is found between all dorsal and ventral roots
  • attaches to the dural sac continuously
  • has its terminal attachment at S2
  • holds the radicular arteries in place

Frage 25

Frage
in order to expose the spinal cord from the posterior side, it is necessary to remove the:
Antworten
  • laminae, pedicles and ligamenta flava
  • laminae, spinous processes and ligamenta flava
  • pedicles, spinous processes and posterior longitudinal ligament
  • transverse processes, pedicles and ligamenta flava

Frage 26

Frage
cells that convey information to the CNS are:
Antworten
  • afferent sensory neurons
  • pseudounipolar cells
  • first neuron is the sensory pathway
  • located in the lateral horn of spinal cord
  • with peripheral processes ending on somatic or splanchnic receptor

Frage 27

Frage
dorsal roots of a spinal nerve
Antworten
  • are formed by the central processes of sensory neurons in the spinal ganglion
  • enter the ventrolateral sulcus of the spinal cord
  • convey somatosensory (proprioseptive and visceroseptive) information.
  • are covered with pia mater
  • take part in the formation of the spinal nerve.

Frage 28

Frage
the ventral roots of a spinal nerve
Antworten
  • convey motor information to the skeletal muscles
  • exit through the ventrolateral sulcus of the spinal cord
  • are ensheated with dura mater spinalis
  • originate from interneurons in the ventral horn
  • contain autonomic fibers

Frage 29

Frage
the boundary between spinal cord and medulla oblongata
Antworten
  • foramen magnum
  • decussatio pyramidum
  • exit of the first pair of spinal nerves
  • exit of the last pair of cranial nerves
  • cervical enlargement

Frage 30

Frage
a spinal segment is defined as that region of the spinal cord that
Antworten
  • corresponds to a collection of nerves passing up or down within the white matter
  • corresponds to the region of the vertebral column (i.e cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral) to which spinal nerves are sent.
  • sends rootlets to a particular spinal nerve
  • underlies the neural arch of a particular vertebra in the adult
  • none of the above

Frage 31

Frage
the spinal cord in the adult
Antworten
  • usually ends about the level of the lower border of the first lumbar vertebra
  • has its largest cross sectional area at the level of the lower cervical vertebrae
  • has an anterior median fissure and a posterior median septum
  • gives origin to the preganglionic fibres of all the parasympathetic nerves
  • receives its blood supply entirely from the vertebral arteries

Frage 32

Frage
the white matter of the spinal cord
Antworten
  • contains myelin fibers, non-myelin fibers, and blood vessels
  • has three columns
  • has white commissure posteriorly to the gray commissure
  • has root system and conductive system
  • is covered with arachnoidea

Frage 33

Frage
the white matter of the spinal cord
Antworten
  • is located around the gray matter
  • contains two main fascicles along the whole length of the dorsal column
  • contains fasciculi proprii (own bundles)
  • ventral funiculus contains fasciculus interfasciculatus (bundle of Schultze)
  • ventral funiculus is between ventral median fissure and ventral roots

Frage 34

Frage
grossly the spinal cord presents two swellings which are
Antworten
  • cervical and thoracic
  • cervical and lumbar
  • thoracic and lumbar
  • thoracic and sacral
  • lumbar and sacral

Frage 35

Frage
all spinal nerves
Antworten
  • are formed by the union of a ventral and dorsal nerve root
  • have a ganglion containing synapses on their dorsal root
  • are named and numbered according to the vertebra below which they emerge
  • receive a grey ramus communicans from the sympathetic nerve trunk
  • give off a white ramus communicans to the sympathetic nerve trunk

Frage 36

Frage
the cell bodies of the nerve fibres making up the fasciculus gracilis are found in
Antworten
  • posterior root ganglia
  • posterior grey horn
  • nucleus gracilis
  • lateral grey horn
  • anterior grey horn

Frage 37

Frage
in the spinal cord
Antworten
  • there is more white matter in a cross section of the cervical region than the lumbar region
  • the anterior horns of grey matter are larger in the lumbar region than in the thoracic region
  • the fibres associated with the sensations of pain and temperature form a tract in the anterior columns of white matter
  • descending fibres from the motor areas of the brain are found in the lateral and anterior columns of white matter
  • there are no descending fibres in the posterior columns

Frage 38

Frage
a spinal segment is defined by [blank_start]the exit of the roots of a spinal nerve[blank_end]
Antworten
  • the exit of the roots of a spinal nerve

Frage 39

Frage
the trunk of a spinal nerve is formed in the [blank_start]intervertebral foramen[blank_end]
Antworten
  • intervertebral foramen

Frage 40

Frage
the spinal cord white matter is organised around the grey matter in three columns called: [blank_start]funicululs dorsalis[blank_end], [blank_start]funiculus lateralis[blank_end], [blank_start]funiculus ventralis[blank_end]
Antworten
  • funiculus dorsalis
  • funiculus lateralis
  • funiculus ventralis

Frage 41

Frage
the spinal cord has the following number of segments: cervical- [blank_start]8[blank_end] thoracic- [blank_start]12[blank_end] lumbar- [blank_start]5[blank_end] sacral- [blank_start]5[blank_end] coccygeal- [blank_start]1[blank_end]
Antworten
  • 8
  • 12
  • 5
  • 5
  • 1

Frage 42

Frage
the border between spinal cord and medulla oblongata is defined by the following structures: [blank_start]foramen magnum[blank_end], [blank_start]decussatio pyramidum[blank_end], [blank_start]exit of first pairs of spinal roots[blank_end]
Antworten
  • foramen magnum
  • decussatio pyramidum
  • exit of first pairs of spinal roots

Frage 43

Frage
in adults the spinal cord ends caudally at the level of [blank_start]second lumbar[blank_end] vertebra
Antworten
  • second lumbar

Frage 44

Frage
list three elements et the caudal end of the spinal cord: [blank_start]cauda equina[blank_end], [blank_start]conus medullaris[blank_end], [blank_start]filum terminale[blank_end]
Antworten
  • cauda equina
  • conus medullaris
  • filum terminale

Frage 45

Frage
in spinal cord anesthesia through the sacral hiatus the anesthetic is introduced into the [blank_start]epidural space[blank_end]
Antworten
  • epidural space

Frage 46

Frage
pain and temperature sensation is conveyed via [blank_start]lateral spinothalamic tract[blank_end]
Antworten
  • lateral spinothalamic tract

Frage 47

Frage
spinal cord enlargements are found in the [blank_start]cervical[blank_end] and [blank_start]lumbar[blank_end] regions
Antworten
  • cervical
  • lumbar

Frage 48

Frage
intervertebral foramen: [blank_start]trunk of spinal nerve[blank_end] spinal ganglion: [blank_start]dorsal root of spinal nerve[blank_end] brachial plexus: [blank_start]cervical intumescentia[blank_end] spinal cord: [blank_start]conus medullaris[blank_end]
Antworten
  • trunk of spinal nerve
  • dorsal root of spinal nerve
  • cervical intumescentia
  • conus medullaris

Frage 49

Frage
ventral median fissure: [blank_start]anterior spinal artery[blank_end] epidural space: [blank_start]spinal dura mater[blank_end] cerebrospinal fluid: [blank_start]subarachnoid space[blank_end] terminal cistern: [blank_start]subarachnoid space[blank_end]
Antworten
  • anterior spinal artery
  • spinal dura mater
  • subarachnoid space
  • subarachnoid space

Frage 50

Frage
posterior funiculus of spinal cord: [blank_start]fasciculus gracilis + cuneatus[blank_end] lateral funiculus of spinal cord: [blank_start]ventral spinocerebellar tract[blank_end] anterior funiculus of spinal cord: [blank_start]ventral corticospinal tract[blank_end]
Antworten
  • fasciculus gracilis + cuneatus
  • ventral spinocerebellar tract
  • ventral corticospinal tract

Frage 51

Frage
grey commissure: [blank_start]canalis centralis[blank_end] lateral column: [blank_start]ventral root of spinal nerve[blank_end] ventral median fissure: [blank_start]spinal pia mater[blank_end] ventrolateral sulcus: [blank_start]visceromotor neurons[blank_end]
Antworten
  • canalis centralis
  • visceromotor neurons
  • spinal pia mater
  • ventral root of spinal nerve
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