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Youth in Conflict with the Law - Final Exam Review

Beschreibung

Quiz am Youth in Conflict with the Law - Final Exam Review, erstellt von jessedyo am 29/11/2014.
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Quiz von jessedyo, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Zusammenfassung der Ressource

Frage 1

Frage
In adult court, it is professionals who present the two sides of the case, but in youth justice court, there are no professionals.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 2

Frage
When a parent or another responsible person is present, it is not necessary to remind a young person of right to counsel; having said it once is enough.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 3

Frage
A young person who is brought into a police station for a breathalyser test has a right to consult counsel before the test can be given.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 4

Frage
When the case of a young person gets to court, there is no longer a role for the police.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 5

Frage
Defence Counsel must be mindful that their job includes representing
Antworten
  • The criminal justice system
  • The society
  • The young person who is their client
  • Two of the above

Frage 6

Frage
Under the rule of “one lawyer per family”, young persons are represented by
Antworten
  • The lawyer who represents the parents
  • A lawyer of their parents choosing
  • Both of the above
  • None, this rule does not exist.

Frage 7

Frage
In youth justice court, the role of the Crown Prosecutor is
Antworten
  • Focused on the needs of the young person because of the YCJA
  • Very different from what it is in adult court
  • Not much different from what it is in adult court
  • Two of the above

Frage 8

Frage
Which of the following is not a responsibility of the judge in youth justice court?
Antworten
  • Ensuring that defense counsel has made full disclosure to the Crown
  • Resolving disputes over the admissibility of evidence
  • Determining that proper procedure was followed in laying the charges
  • Determining guilt or innocence

Frage 9

Frage
It is for any of the most serious offences that a young person can elect to have trial by jury in youth court.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 10

Frage
Trial by jury is a right of all Canadians as long as the charge against them involves a violation of the Criminal Code of Canada
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 11

Frage
Typically, the youth justice court is held in private without any member of the public allowed to be present
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 12

Frage
In the youth justice court, a young person may elect to have a trial by jury
Antworten
  • For any serious offence
  • Only when both parents consent
  • For 1st or 2nd degree murder if the Crown is seeking a youth sentence
  • None of the above

Frage 13

Frage
Young persons must personally appear before the youth justice court
Antworten
  • Only if their lawyer is not present
  • For all charges
  • Only for charges of serious offences
  • Only for charges of presumptive offences

Frage 14

Frage
In the youth justice court, judges may consider the protection of the privacy of all but which of the following?
Antworten
  • The young person who is charged
  • victims
  • The police
  • witnesses

Frage 15

Frage
The YCJA seeks to reserve court proceedings for
Antworten
  • Young persons who are second-time offenders
  • More serious cases
  • Young persons who have already received two or more warnings
  • Two of the above

Frage 16

Frage
In the youth justice court, the standard for a finding of guilt is
Antworten
  • The guilt is “beyond a reasonable doubt”
  • The guilt is “on the balance of probabilities”
  • There is no formal finding of guilt
  • The standard changes with the merits of each case

Frage 17

Frage
Pre-sentence reports are usually prepared by the police officer who made the arrest
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 18

Frage
Once a young person receives an absolute discharge, that discharge cannot be admitted again in court.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 19

Frage
The purpose of a youth sentence is to appropriately punish the young person for the harm done
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 20

Frage
A youth justice court judge may require a young person to perform up to 240 hours of community service.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 21

Frage
Community service orders are reserved for those 16 and 17 years old and never used for those 14 and 15 years old.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 22

Frage
Which of the following is not a concern of the YCJA when it comes to sentencing?
Antworten
  • Protection of society
  • Holding young person accountable for their behaviour
  • The mental and emotional health of the young person
  • Ensuring that young people show respect for the judge and officers of the court

Frage 23

Frage
Which of the following is not likely to be found in a pre-sentence report?
Antworten
  • Plans the young person might have about the future
  • Information on the young person’s age and attitude
  • Results of interviews with the young person
  • Results of interviews with the accomplices of the young person

Frage 24

Frage
There is no reason to believe that pre-sentence assessments are found to be useful by
Antworten
  • Young persons
  • judges
  • Crown prosecutors
  • Defence council

Frage 25

Frage
Which of the following may not be used as a condition of probation?
Antworten
  • Try to obtain employment
  • Repair relationship with parents
  • Report to a probation officer
  • Attend school

Frage 26

Frage
Which of the following conditions is not permitted in a probation order?
Antworten
  • Must remain in a specific city
  • Must reside in a specific location
  • Must try to obtain employment
  • All of the above are permitted

Frage 27

Frage
“Least degree of restraint” when applied to a custodial facility means that the residents are allowed to come and go as they please, but only during the day
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 28

Frage
A facility with a “higher degree of restraint” means that the extent of restraint or control is greater than in a facility with a “lower degree of restraint”
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 29

Frage
In contrast to the United States, the practice in Canada is to have indeterminate sentences
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 30

Frage
When a custodial sentence is given, the following is to be taken into account: The highest level of restraint possible
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 31

Frage
When a custodial sentence is given, the following is to be taken into account: The safety of the young person
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 32

Frage
Which of the following is least consistent with a facility in a higher degree of restraint?
Antworten
  • classrooms
  • community reintegration
  • segregation cells
  • “lock down”

Frage 33

Frage
If a young person turns 18 years while serving a term of custody
Antworten
  • The term of custody is automatically extended so that custody will last for at least 12 additional months.
  • The offender is automatically transferred to a correctional facility for adults
  • The term of custody ends
  • The term continues

Frage 34

Frage
Changes to a young person’s custody can be made by
Antworten
  • Correctional officials
  • The youth justice court
  • The provincial director
  • The Crown prosecutor

Frage 35

Frage
Young persons who do not return once their re-integrative leave has been revoked may be
Antworten
  • Arrested and subjected to treatment
  • Arrested only with a warrant and returned to custody
  • Arrested without a warrant and returned to custody
  • Arrested without a warrant and returned to their parent’s house

Frage 36

Frage
Conditional supervision orders allow young persons to
Antworten
  • Serve the remainder of their custodial sentence with almost no conditions imposed on them, except for staying out of trouble.
  • Hold a job or go to school while living in a secure custody facility
  • Serve sentences to secure custody in open custody
  • Serve the remainder of their sentence in the community

Frage 37

Frage
Identify 4 Purposes of Re-Integrative Leave
Antworten
  • Medical
  • Compassionate or humanitarian
  • Rehabilitation
  • Go out of town on a vacation
  • Reintegration into the community

Frage 38

Frage
The distinction between phase I and phase II offenders is based on the seriousness of the offence
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 39

Frage
Facilities that provide custody of young persons in conflict with the law in Ontario are all privately operated
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 40

Frage
All facilities are required to have the same treatment services
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 41

Frage
Which of the following is not consistent with the “strict discipline” approach to custody for young offenders?
Antworten
  • education
  • Extend periods of leisure time to teach the need for structure
  • Earned privileges
  • Respect for self and others

Frage 42

Frage
The only objective of the criminal justice system is to find innocent people not guilty
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 43

Frage
Restraint has the goal of protecting the community from further harm.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 44

Frage
Retribution is balanced.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 45

Frage
General deterrence depends on the vicarious experience of punishment
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 46

Frage
Even laws that are difficult to enforce can play a role in expressing where we stand, as a society, with respect to certain behaviours.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 47

Frage
Capital punishment is the ultimate form of
Antworten
  • Restraint
  • Retribution
  • General deterrence
  • Rehabilitation

Frage 48

Frage
One argument for retaining laws that are difficult to enforce is that they are
Antworten
  • A form of restitution
  • A specific deterrent
  • Symbolic
  • No such argument can be made for this situation

Frage 49

Frage
Primarily, restitution involves the notion of
Antworten
  • Putting the case to "rest"
  • Making the victim whole again
  • Allowing the victim to be involved in the punishment of the offender
  • Returning cash and property to the victim

Frage 50

Frage
The Youth Criminal Justice Act is focused primarily on
Antworten
  • Making the young person function effectively in society
  • Compensating the victim
  • Punishment of the young person
  • Achieving balance between the offender and the victim

Frage 51

Frage
Restraint is
Antworten
  • A primary goal of the YCJA
  • Not a major focus of the YCJA
  • The underlying principle of restorative justice
  • A concept used to limit how much a victim is compensated

Frage 52

Frage
In victim impact statements victims get to tell the court the nature and length of punishment that the offender deserves
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 53

Frage
Typically in youth conferencing circles the community is represented
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 54

Frage
The notion of restorative justice was largely unknown until the YCJA came into effect.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 55

Frage
Restorative justice programs even exist in large cities.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 56

Frage
The police can refer a young person to a restorative justice program.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 57

Frage
The manner in which restorative justice is to be implemented is
Antworten
  • Clearly identified in the Criminal Code of Canada
  • Clearly identified in the CFSA
  • Clearly identified in the YCJA
  • Left up to each provincial jurisdiction to determine

Frage 58

Frage
Restorative justice is intended to
Antworten
  • Expand options that are consistent with the criminal justice system
  • Compensate the victim
  • Act as a form of general deterrence
  • Punish the young offender

Frage 59

Frage
For restorative justice to be effective, the offender must
Antworten
  • Be ready to admit guilt for the act
  • Acknowledge the extent to which the victim suffered
  • Be prepared to accept responsibility for the consequences of the act
  • All of the above

Frage 60

Frage
Restorative justice programs appear to be most effective in
Antworten
  • Communities with large proportions of young people
  • Aboriginal and first nations communities only
  • Smaller, homogeneous communities
  • Large, homogeneous communities

Frage 61

Frage
Restorative justice programs
Antworten
  • Usually initiated by victims wishing to receive compensation
  • Have been shown to be the most effective means of rehabilitating young people
  • Are the most cost effective way of compensating victims and making them "whole" again
  • Seem like a good idea but with some questions as to their overall effectiveness

Frage 62

Frage
Most adult criminals start their careers as young offenders
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 63

Frage
Most young persons do not become adult criminals
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 64

Frage
Once a young persons in conflict with the law come into contact with the authorities they are bound to be chronic offenders
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 65

Frage
Among young people, positive attitudes toward the police tend to decrease over time
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 66

Frage
An attitude is an emotional predisposition
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 67

Frage
Which of the following is true about the attitude of young people toward the police?
Antworten
  • Attitudes are little affected by personal experience
  • Attitudes are remarkably stable over time
  • Attitudes are more positive as young people move through adolescence
  • Attitudes are more positive among younger kids

Frage 68

Frage
Which of the following is related to young people's attitude toward the police?
Antworten
  • Self-reported law-violating behaviour
  • Having been arrested
  • Self-definition as a delinquent
  • All of the above

Frage 69

Frage
Which of the following is related to young people's attitude toward the police?
Antworten
  • Having been arrested
  • Self-reported law-violating behaviour
  • Self-definition as a delinquent
  • All of the above

Frage 70

Frage
Which of the following types of contact with the police is least likely to generate a positive image of the police?
Antworten
  • Being arrested
  • Making a 911 call
  • Reporting a robbery
  • Asking the police for directions

Frage 71

Frage
Which of the following appear to play some role in determining people's attitude toward the police
Antworten
  • Age
  • Culture
  • Experience
  • All of the above

Frage 72

Frage
The best advice for a police officer is to not talk to young people they encounter, unless they have something official to say to them
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 73

Frage
Victims of child endangerment often become young offenders
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 74

Frage
Police officers are not only law enforcement officers, but social workers as well.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 75

Frage
Gang behaviour is found only in the largest cities in Canada
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 76

Frage
There are some clues as to whether gang behaviour exists in a community.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 77

Frage
Many young people have feelings when interacting with the police that can best be described as
Antworten
  • Joyful
  • Ambivilent
  • Enthusiastic
  • Pitiful

Frage 78

Frage
What is the role of the police uniform in influencing the relationship with a young person?
Antworten
  • It has no effect
  • It can be positive
  • It can be negative
  • It can be either positive or negative

Frage 79

Frage
Which of the following is probably NOT good advice to give a police officer on how to deal with young people?
Antworten
  • Talk with kids
  • Don't let them beat you to the punch
  • Sweat the small stuff
  • Be firm, but fair

Frage 80

Frage
Which of the following is a form of child endangerment?
Antworten
  • Neglect
  • Sexual molestation
  • Emotional abuse
  • All of the above

Frage 81

Frage
Which of the following is least likely to be true of victims of child abuse and neglect?
Antworten
  • Victims of sexual abuse have parents who do not get along well
  • Victims have poor relationships with their parents
  • Sexual abuse victims have a dense web of peer relationships
  • Children between 8 and 12 are most vulnerable to sexual abuse
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