Quiz
adolescent psych
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Fragen in diesem Quiz (90)
1The physical transformation from child to adult is called"
- Apuberty
- Bearly adolescence
- Cmiddle adolescence
- Dlate adolescence
2At the time of peak height velocity, adolescents grow at about the same rate as
- Anewborns
- Binfants
- Ctoddlers
- Delementary school kids
3Professor Radon is studying the ____ system, which produces, circulates, and regulates levels of hormones in the body.
- Aadrenal
- Bcirculatory
- Crespiratory
- Dendocrine
4Hormones play two very different roles in adolescence._____ hormones program the brain to behave in certain ways, whereas _____ hormones are thought to stimulate the development of the secondary sex characteristics.
- Aactivational; organizational
- Borganizational; activational
- Ctestosterone; endocrine
- Dendocrine, testosterone
5Davis is interested in how puberty affects adjustment. He studies a group of 100 junior high school students over the course of three years. He is conducting what kind of study?
- Alongitudinal
- Bcross-sectional
- Ccross-sequential
- Dsecular
6Joe is extremely moody. His mother attributes his mood swings to being an adolescent. Based on your understanding of adolescent, mood swings, what would you tell Joe`s mom?
- AJoe is a victim of raging hormones
- BMoodiness is a genetic trait that Joe inherited from his parents
- CJoe`s moods are most likely linked to his daily activites
- Dmoodiness during adolescence is rare and Joe should seek psychiatric help
7Over the past century, the onset of puberty has been coming at an earlier age. This has been referred to as the:
- Across- sectional trend
- Bendocrine trend
- Cmenarche trend
- Dsecular trend
8The first sign of puberty in girls is generally
- Abudding of the breasts
- Bunderarm hair
- Cmenarche
- Dacne
9The most virulent threats to adolescent health come from all of the following, except
- Aunhealthy behaviors, such as drug use
- Bchronic disabilities, such as cancer and arthritis
- Cviolence inflicted by themselves or by others
- Drisky activities, such as unprotected sexual intercourse
10The paradox of adolescent health in the United States is that
- Aadolescence is one of the healthiest periods in the life span, but nearly 1 in 15 adolescents has at least one disabling chronic disease
- Bdespite the adolescent focus on appearance, adolescents in the US are the unhealthiest teens in the industrialized world
- Cadolescence is one of the unhealthiest periods in the life span, yet only 1 in 15 adolescents suffers from disabling chronic diseases
- Dwhile rates of adolescent deaths have decreased over the past 50 years, rates of chronic disability have increased
11Researchers have found that, with regard to adolescent sleep patterns
- Aadolescents today are getting more sleep that adolescents 30 years ago
- Bthe reason that high schools begin classes earlier than middle schools or junior high schools is that adolescents are more alert during the morning hours than later in the day
- Cgetting fewer than 8 hours of sleep a night is associated with poorer mental health and lower grades for adolescents
- Dalthough most adolescents do not get sufficient sleep during the week, they are able to make up for the deficit by sleeping later on the weekends
12The delayed phase preferences suggest that
- Aadolescents should not be taught sex education until high school
- Bschool should be held year-round
- Cschool should begin later in the morning
- Dschool should begin earlier in the morning
13when compared with their less mature peers, adolescents who are physically mature
- Aless likely to name other adolescents and more likely to name adults as people who are important to them
- Bmore likely to be involved in cross-sex activities such as going out on dates
- Cless likely to experience family conflict
- Dless likely to be depressed
14Early-maturing boys are:
- Alikely to have low self-esteem
- Boften expected to be more mature than they are
- Cbetter prepared to deal with changes of adolescence
- Dmore childish than their later-maturing peers
15Generalizing from the text, the children who are most likely to think of themselves as being off schedule with respect to their physical development are girls who mature____ and boys who mature_____
- Alate; early
- Bearly; late
- Clate: late
- Dearly: early
1615-year-old Hermione is able to write a much more complex answer than 10-year-old Ginger to the question " Compare the advantages and disadvantages of using simple spells for self-protection." This is because, as an adolescent, Hermione is able to think:
- Aegocentrically
- Bdeductively
- Cin metacognitive ways
- Din multiple deminsions
17Bickering and squabbling between teenagers and their parents is largely caused by
- Athe generation gap
- Bhormonal changes in adolescents
- Cadolescents` ability to formulate counterarguments
- Dadolescents` anti-social tendencies
18Multidimensional thinking helps adolescents understand
- Asarcasm
- Bimaginary audiences
- Cformal operations
- Dconcrete examples
19According to Vygostsky, adolescents learn best when
- Atheir lessons are within their zone of proximal development
- Bmore experienced instructor is present
- Cthe instructor engages in scaffolding
- Dall of the above
20Sternberg`s triarchic theory of intelligence proposes that to assess an individual`s intellectual capabilities it is necessary to look at their distinct, but interrelated, types of intelligence
- Averbal, mathematical, and spatial
- Bcomponential, experiential and contexutal
- Ccomponential, kinesthetic, and experiential
- Dverbal, mathematical and interpersonal
21During adolescence, individuals` IQ scores____, whereas their mental abilities_______
- Aremain stable; increase
- Bremain stable; decrease
- Cincrease; remain stable
- Ddecrease; remain stable
22Which theory helps researchers understand adolescent risk-taking?
- Abehavioral decision theory
- Balternative choices theory
- Cdesirability theory
- Dcognitive development theory
23The erroneous belief that one`s thoughts, feelings, and experiences are unique is called:
- Aan imaginary audience
- Bpersonal fable
- Cpropositional logic
- Dmetacognition
24Early in adolescence, moral guidelines are:
- Aseen as absolutes
- Bseen as subjective
- Cbased on principles such as equality, justice or fairness
- Dbased on abstract guidelines
25Adolescents develop the ability to think about social issues, a concept more generally referred to as:
- Asocialization
- Bsocial cognition
- Cabstract reasoning
- Dmetacognition
26All of the following are indicators of metacognition, except:
- Aintrospection
- Bself- consciousness
- Cintellectualization
- Ddeductive reasoning
27According to Piaget, the period of cognitive development that is based on theoretical, abstract principles of logic is called
- Asensorimotor
- Bpreoperational
- Cconcrete operations
- Dformal operations
28Piaget theorists believe that the use of_____ is the chief feature of adolescent thinking that differentiates it from the type of thinking employed by children
- Aegocentric reasoning
- Babstract logical reasoning
- Cmultidimensional reasoning
- Dsystematic reasoning
29Brown argues that adolescents can solve problems better than younger children because they can store more information in memory and because they have more effective strategies. Dr. Brown`s view is most consistent with which of the following perspectives?
- Atriarchic theory of intelligence
- Binformation-processing perspective
- Cpsychometric theory
- DPiagetian perspective
30Which of the following is not a characteristic of deductive reasoning in adolescence, as described by the text?
- Ainhibiting a prepotent response
- Bhaving the ability to stop oneself from acting automatically
- Cmaking an inference based on accumulated evidence
- Drecognizing when a question cannot be answered with certainty
31Psychologist Jeffery Arnett has suggested that 18-25 years old are caught between adolescence and adulthood in "emerging adulthood", which is characterized by all but which of the following?
- Afunctioning as an independent person
- Bexploring possible identities before making permanent choices
- Cthe subjective feeling of emotional immaturity
- Dthe subjective feeling that life is full of possibilities
32Jones argues that adolescence is primarily a social invention rather than a biological or cognitive phenomenon. Her view that the broader environment influences our conception of adolescence is most in line with:
- APiagetian perspective
- Bpsychometric perspective
- Cinventionist perspective
- Dcontextual perspective
33Among those who study adolescence, an inventionist is one who:
- Adevelops new products aimed predominantly at the adolescent population
- Bargues that adolescence as a period in the life cycle is mainly a social invention
- Cbelieves that many of the problems in adolescence are merely invented by the popular press
- Dbelieves that adolescents need to be kept away from the labor force for their own safety
34In the 19th century, what distinguishes children from adults?
- Awhat job they performed
- Bwhether they owned property
- Cmarital status
- Dreligious confirmation
35Which of the following contributed to the invention of the teenager?
- Aindustrialization
- Beconomic freedom
- Chigher education
- Dstudent activism
36Which of the following was not a result of industrialization?
- Anew patterns of work
- Bless time in school
- Cincreased school preparation
- Dless time working with family members
37All of the following are true regarding the legal boundary between childhood and adulthood except
- Athe legal boundary between childhood and adulthood is very clear and consistent
- Bthere are many inconsistencies in the legal boundary between childhood and adulthood
- Conce an adolescent is designated as an adult, she or he is also subject to a new set of laws and will b treated differently
- Din some instances, attaining adult status brings with it more lenient treatment under the law, whereas in others it may be associated with harsher treatmer
38Recent research on psychological well-being in emerging adulthood suggests:
- Ait is a time of positive and improving mental health for most people
- Bit is a time of increasing stress caused by financial instability
- Cit is a time of decreasing mental health for most people
- Dno research has yet examined this question with emerging adults
39Legal decisions have tended to support adolescent autonomy when the behavior at issue is
- Aviewed as potentially dangerous
- Bsupported by the adolescent`s parent
- Calso legal for adults
- Dviewed as having potential benefit
40The phenomenon of extusion is the practice in which children are
- Apunished for failing to obey their elders
- Bprematurely forced into adult roles
- Cseparated from members of the opposite sex
- Dexpected to sleep in other households
41Typically, the social redefinition of young people occurs in groups of peers who are approximately the same age, knowns as
- Acohorts
- Bage groups
- Clongitudinal groups
- Dquinceanera groups
42Among American adolescents, the most frequently mentioned criterion for being an adult is
- Agetting married
- Bmoving in with a prospective mate
- Caccepting responsibility for onself
- Dbeing able to support oneself financially
43Since Mark was 5 years old, he has been helping his father maintain the family farm. Now, 30 years later, Mark owns the farm and is teaching his own son how to manage it. Based on your knowledge about the continuity of adolescence, how would you describe Mark`s transition
- Aattenuated
- Blongitudinal
- Cdiscontinuous
- Dcontinuous
44In 1934, anthropologist Ruth Benedict suggested that the turmoil experienced during adolescence was caused by
- Adiscontinuous transitions
- Bthe hormonal changes associated with puberty
- Cthe overwhelming of adolescents with adult responsibilities
- Dthe practice of youth apprenticeships
45Elder`s study the Great Depression revealed that adolescents who experienced hardship during those years were more likely to
- Acomplete their schooling
- Bpostpone marriage and childbearing
- Cbe involved in adult-like tasks at an earlier age
- Dsuffer from unemployment as adults
46The process of grouping individuals within social institutions on the basis of chronological age is called:
- Amainstreaming.
- Btracking.
- Cage grading.
- Dreference grouping.
47Age segregation in schools is the most efficient way to educate children in societies that are:
- Aparticularistic
- Buniversalistic
- Cethnographic
- Dsociometric
48All of the following are significant changes in peer groups that occur during adolescence, except:
- Aan increase in the amount of time adolescents spend with their friends.
- Ba decrease in the amount of adult supervision.
- Can increase in contacts with opposite sex friends.
- Da decrease in the size of their peer groups.
49Research studying adolescent friendship networks has found all of the following, except:
- Aa) more than half of the adolescents in any given school are members of cliques.
- Bb) girls are more likely than boys to be members of cliques.
- Cc) boys are more likely than girls to be considered "isolates."
- Dd) adolescents' positions in their schools' social network are relatively stable over time.
50According to Kinney's research, youngsters who were "nerds" in middle school:
- Aa) were automatically labeled "dweebs" in high school.
- Bb) were the "popular" group in high school.
- Cc) could never become part of another crowd.
- Dd) had opportunities to shift status in high school.
51A group against which an individual compares himself or herself is called:
- Aa) a clique.
- Bb) a reference group.
- Cc) a crowd.
- Dd) a youth culture.
52Hostile attributional bias:
- Aa) plays a central role in the aggressive behavior of rejected adolescents.
- Bb) plays a small role in the aggressive behavior of rejected adolescents.
- Cc) helps rejected adolescents gain acceptance.
- Dd) is the only factor in determining the behavior of rejected adolescents.
53Interventions designed to help unpopular adolescents improve their social skills have employed which of the following techniques?
- Aa) explaining to adolescents that they need to develop a thicker psychological skin in order to make friends
- Bb) having adolescents wait patiently until another person engages them in conversation
- Cc) teaching social skills like self-expression and leadership techniques
- Dd) teaching joke-telling skills to improve their likeability among other adolescents
54The main reason that reactive aggression is associated with unpopularity and greater problems with peers is that reactive aggression is characterized by:
- Aa) a combination of aggression and poor emotion regulation or lack of social skills.
- Bb) a combination of bad karma and well-developed social skills.
- Cc) a combination of delinquent behaviors and extreme shyness in social situations.
- Dd) a combination of being female and plotting an aggressive response in advance.
55According to Jacquelynne Eccles, a thorough understanding of school and its impact on adolescent development requires an examination of:
- Aa) what goes on beyond the classroom.
- Bb) what goes on in the classroom.
- Cc) the influence that parents have on their children's education.
- Dd) educational contexts outside of the United States.
56The practice of moving students from one grade to the next regardless of their academic performance is known as what?
- Aa) affirmative promotion
- Bb) social promotion
- Cc) standardized promotion
- Dd) equality promotion
57According to the textbook, which of the following resulted from standards-based reform:
- Aa) educators could not agree on the body of knowledge and skills that comprised what high school graduates should know and be able to do
- Bb) large numbers of students did, in fact, acquire the knowledge and capabilities assessed on standardized graduation examinations
- Cc) minority adolescents were 9 times more likely to fail standardized examinations
- Dd) female adolescents were 4 times more likely to fail standardized examinations
58Which boy is most likely to commit an act of lethal violence?
- Aa) Mitchell, who has mental health problems
- Bb) Miguel, who has easy access to guns
- Cc) Martin, who has recently dropped out of school
- Dd) It is virtually impossible to predict which student will commit a lethal crime.
59Generalizing from the text, who would benefit most from summer school?
- Aa) Ron, an adolescent living in a low SES neighborhood
- Bb) Bill, an adolescent living in a high SES neighborhood
- Cc) both Ron and Bill
- Dd) neither Ron nor Bill
60What is the paradox of dropping out of school?
- Aa) Students who drop out are often more successful than students who graduate.
- Bb) Students who drop out are typically the ones who are most harmed by doing so.
- Cc) There is little correlation between later success in the workplace and finishing high school.
- Dd) Students who drop out develop a better sense of what life is all about.
61Peers usually have more influence than parents on matters of:
- Aa) occupational ambitions.
- Beducational goals
- Cc) patterns of leisure activity.
- Dvalues
62Research on the nature of parent-adolescent relationships reveals that:
- Aa) most adolescents experience considerable storm and stress in relationships with parents.
- Bb) most adolescents resent their parents and rebel against their restrictions.
- Cc) most adolescents appear to maintain positive, supportive, and mutually respective relationships with parents.
- Dd) most adolescents become even closer to parents, and report almost no disruptions in their relationships with them.
63Professor Ngo is studying family transitions. According to family systems theory, he is most likely to see dramatic changes in family relationships during all of the following events, except when:
- Aa) individual family members are changing, such as during adolescence.
- Bb) a family's circumstances are changing, such as with divorce or a change in economic status.
- Cc) the family equilibrium changes, such as when a family member develops a chronic illness.
- Dd) lack of change creates a sturdy, yet boring, family pattern.
64The text cautions against trying to determine the relationship between family characteristics and adolescent development because:
- Aa) adolescent behavior may be a stronger determinant of family relationships than parents' behavior patterns.
- Bb) parents and adolescents reciprocally influence each other.
- Cc) we cannot tell how parents' parenting patterns impact their adolescents' behavior until it is too late.
- Dd) genetic inheritance has a stronger impact on adolescent behavior than parenting practices.
65The field of behavior genetics examines all of the following, except:
- Aa) whether and how much given traits are genetically versus environmentally determined.
- Bb) whether the same environment affects people with different genetic make-ups in different ways.
- Cc) whether people with different genetic make-ups evoke different reactions from their environment.
- Dd) Behavioral genetics examines all of these issues.
66Which of the following is least likely to be affected by genetic factors?
- Aschool performance
- Baggression and antisocial behavior
- Crisk for suicide and depression
- Dintelligence
67Although Sarah's parents divorced seven years ago, the counselor at school attributes Sarah's poor school performance and delinquent behavior to the divorce. This counselor is probably referring to the:
- Aa) deferred effect of divorce.
- Bb) sleeper effect of divorce.
- Cc) generation gap between adolescents and parents.
- Dd) sluggish adjustment of adolescence.
68Sarah is an excellent writer, but her younger sister Jane has always hated writing classes and instead has focused on developing gymnastic abilities. Sarah readily expresses disdain for gymnastics, so the girls feel that they are different enough to avoid direct competition. One explanation for this type of sibling behavior is called:
- Aa) family decision making.
- Bb) family contextual transformations.
- Cc) sibling rivalry.
- Dd) sibling deidentification.
69All of the following led to an increase in free time for contemporary adolescents, except:
- Aa) organized youth movements.
- Bb) compulsory schooling.
- Cc) improved economics after World War II.
- Dd) more adolescent autonomy.
70Which of the following characteristics of the retail and restaurant industries contributed to the rise in adolescent employment?
- Aa) need for part-time workers
- Bb) abundance of low wage positions
- Cc) short shift schedules
- Dd) all of the above
71In contrast to adolescents in the United States, adolescents in Europe:
- Aa) are more likely to drop out of school early to take on a full-time job.
- Bb) are expected to work part-time while they are in school.
- Cc) are more likely to have an apprenticeship while in high school.
- Dd) have a more difficult time getting a full-time job once they graduate from high school.
72According to research by Wayne Osgood and colleagues, the combination of several factors is the recipe for delinquency and other problem behaviors among adolescents. This view is called the routine activity theory, and all but which of the following are thought to be major contributing factors to this combination?
- Aa) a lack of structure
- Bb) lower then average intelligence
- Cc) socializing with peers
- Dd) the absence of adult supervision
73The three dominant theories concerning the media's impact on adolescent development today include all but which of the following?
- Aa) the media practice model
- Bb) the routine activity theory
- Cc) the uses and gratifications approach
- Dd) cultivation theory
74Which theory of media's impact emphasizes the idea that media shape adolescents' interests, motives, and beliefs about the world?
- Aa) uses and gratifications approach
- Bb) cultivation theory
- Cc) media practice model
- Dd) routine activity theory
75Based on the Five C's of positive youth development, which "C" stands for a sense of sympathy and empathy for others:
- Aa) character
- Bconnection
- Ccaring
- Dcompetence
76Adolescents increase their ability and tendency to consider the long-term consequences of their decisions, which is one aspect of:
- Aa) imagining their possible selves.
- Bb) future orientation.
- Cc) self-concept.
- Dd) identity formation.
77Generally speaking, the parenting style that is associated with the healthiest identity development is:
- Aa) warm but not excessively constraining.
- Bb) the absence of parental warmth.
- Cc) the absence of parental encouragement of individuality.
- Dd) warm but discouraging of individuality.
78Which dimension of the Five-Factor Model measures how organized someone is?
- AExtroversion
- Bb) Agreeableness
- CNeuroticism
- Dd) Conscientiousness
79Larry is an adolescent who frequently engages in false-self behavior and also has low self-esteem. One explanation for these two characteristics is that:
- Aa) Larry might be low in self-esteem because he knowingly puts on a false front
- Bb) Larry might engage in false-self behavior because he is low in self-esteem
- Cc) There is no relation between false-self behavior and low self-esteem
- Dd) Both A and B are correct
80Which of the following statements regarding sex differences in self-esteem is accurate?
- Aa) early adolescent girls' self-esteem is higher than same-age boys
- Bb) early adolescent girls have lower self-consciousness than same-age boys
- Cc) early adolescent boys have a shakier self-image than same-age girls
- Dd) early adolescent girls are more likely to say negative things about themselves than same-aged boys
81According to Erikson, the major crisis of adolescence is called:
- Aa) basic trust versus mistrust.
- Bb) autonomy versus shame and doubt.
- Cc) industry versus inferiority.
- Dd) identity versus identity diffusion.
82Smith argues that adolescence is such a demanding time that adolescents need several years with as few responsibilities as possible so they can sort out their identities. His argument focuses on the idea of:
- Aindividuation
- Bb) separation.
- Ccrystallization
- Dd) psychosocial moratorium.
83Sixteen-year-old Mercedes believes that the death penalty is wrong because her parents, friends, and church say so. She has never really thought about the issue, but has accepted this view as her own. What is her identity status?
- Aachievement
- Bforeclosure
- Cdiffusion
- Dmoratorium
84The psychosocial domain concerning the development and expression of independence is called:
- Aautocracy
- Bautonomy
- Cdetachment
- Dmorality
85Which of the following behaviors is characteristic of increased emotional autonomy among adolescents?
- Aa) Adolescents are eager to get their parents help and advice with problems.
- Bb) Adolescents feel their parents are all-knowing and all-powerful.
- Cc) Adolescents are able to see their parents as people.
- Dd) Adolescents have difficulty sympathizing with their parents' problems.
86Which of the following types of parenting promotes healthy emotional autonomy in adolescents?
- Aauthoritarian
- Bautocratic
- Cauthoritative
- Dpermissive
87Which statement about conformity to peers is most true?
- Aa) Conformity is higher during later adolescence.
- Bb) Conformity is low when the behavior in question is antisocial.
- Cc) Conformity is higher during early and middle adolescence than later adolescence, especially when the behavior in question is antisocial.
- Dd) Conformity to peers is low during early and middle adolescence.
88According to Kohlberg, reasoning that is based on rewards and punishments is called:
- Aprincipled
- Bconventional
- Cc) postconventional.
- Dpreconventional
89According to the textbook, which of the following statements about moral reasoning and moral behavior is not true:
- Aa) in tests measuring moral reasoning, assessments are made in a social vacuum, but such vacuums don't exist in the real world
- Bb) moral behavior and moral reasoning always go hand in hand
- Cc) situational factors influence moral choices
- Dd) all of the above are true
90When is an adolescent most likely to question his or her religious beliefs?
- Aa) during junior high
- Bb) during middle school
- Cc) during high school
- Dd) during college
Informationen
- Beschreibung
- Quiz am adolescent psych, erstellt von Kaitlin Ethridge am 15/04/2019.
- Autor
- Kaitlin Ethridge
- Sprache
- English
- Aufrufe
- 6
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