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Frage 1
Frage
What factors cause genetic drift?
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Natural disasters
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Random mutation
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Migration
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The evolution of an allele from recessive to dominant
Frage 2
Frage
Gene flow is the flow of alleles into and out of a population over time
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 3
Frage
What are Darwin's three principles about how natural selection occurs?
Antworten
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Organisms inherit characteristics and traits from their parents and then produce their own offspring
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Organisms will always mutate and bring new traits into the gene pool which are selected based on usefulness
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Organisms produce more offspring than will ultimately survive
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Organisms and offspring differ from each other because of the characteristics or variations they inherit
Frage 4
Frage
Harmful mutations are removed from the gene pool via
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Natural selection
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Organisms with those mutations are sterile
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Genetic drift
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Organisms with those mutations die before they can reproduce
Frage 5
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If there is not enough variation in a species
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Advantageous or rare traits and alleles vanish from the population
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Genetic diversity goes down
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More alleles are created in order to offset the lack of variation
Frage 6
Frage
In the eighteenth century, which men reintroduced ideas about the evolution of animals?
Antworten
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Charles Darwin and Alfred Wallace
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Erasmus Darwin, Georges-Louis Leclerc, and Comte de Buffon
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Erasmus Darwin and Charles Darwin
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Erasmus Darwin and Alfred Wallace
Frage 7
Frage
What is Charles Darwin's theory?
Antworten
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Offspring inherit traits from their parents and offspring with the most advantageous traits will be more likely to survive and procreate
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Offspring inherit traits from their parents and the offspring who reproduce less are less fit
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Parents only pass on advantageous traits to their offspring, making natural selection a competition between the elite (in terms of genes)
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Traits are neither advantageous or harmful, but are randomly passed down, similar to mutations
Frage 8
Frage
Divergent evolution is where two completely unrelated species develop similar traits
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 9
Frage
Homologous structure
Antworten
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Corresponds to divergent evolution
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Describes structures which are genetically related in two species who share a common ancestor
Frage 10
Frage
Analogous structure describes similar structures in two genetically unrelated organisms
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 11
Frage
Check all boxes which are examples of mechanisms for genetic change
Antworten
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Blue eyes in humans being selected for 10,000 years ago
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The mutation that causes sickle cell anemia
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The migration of early hominids out of Africa
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The elimination of rare alleles in Avida when the population gets too small
Frage 12
Frage
The Founder Effect describes why populations which were started by just a few organisms have decreased genetic diversity
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 13
Frage
Choose the best definition for fitness in an organism
Antworten
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How many kids a person has
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The number of offspring an organism contributes to the next generation, compared with other individuals in its population
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The number of years an organism lives divided by the number of offspring it is able to produce
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The survival rate of an organism's offspring compared to the survival rate of others in its population
Frage 14
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Population means all the organisms in a given species, even if they don't live in the same geographic area
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 15
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Most genetic traits are simple (as opposed to complex)
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 16
Frage
The cell's 3D printers are called
Antworten
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tRNA
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Ribosomes
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Helicase
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Sequence of DNA nucleotides
Frage 17
Frage
Nucleotides
Antworten
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Are symbols of the cell's "software code"
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Are represented by the letters A, U, G, and C in DNA
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Provide the code for making amino acids
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Substitute one of their letters when DNA transcribes mRNA
Frage 18
Frage
The mRNA nucleotides are determined by
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The order of DNA nucleotides
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The order in which they were transcribed
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Random genetic mutation
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The "flash-drives" of a cell
Frage 19
Frage
The Founder Effect
Antworten
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Explains why most Native Americans don't have type B blood
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Is one cause of genetic drift
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Is defined as a loss in genetic diversity which occurs when a population is started by a small number of individuals
Frage 20
Frage
The Bottleneck Effect
Antworten
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Explains why cheetahs are all essentially clones of one another
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Describes the loss of genetic variation which occurs when a population's size decreases sharply over a generation
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Is often used with and is similar to the Founder Effect
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Explains why human beings aren't very genetically diverse
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