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Quiz von Kerri McDaniel, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Kerri McDaniel
vor mehr als 8 Jahre
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Frage 1
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Examples of non-normative influences that affect development include: Parental divorce, car accident, winning the lottery, parent incarcerated, death of parent or sibling , house fire
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- True
- False
Frage 2
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Development is:
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Multi-dimensional
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Lifelong
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Multi-directional
Frage 3
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Chronological age is
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number of years since birth
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physical health
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adaptive capacity
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social understandings and significance
Frage 4
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There are three realms of developmental milestones. They include all of the following except:
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Cognitive Processes
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Biological Processes
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Culture Processes
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Historical Processes
Frage 5
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Social age refers to the social understandings and significance that are attached to chronological age.
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- True
- False
Frage 6
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[blank_start]Psychological[blank_end] age is how old one feels, acts, and behaves, and is thus not necessarily equal to chronological age.
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Psychological
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Biological
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Chronological
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Social
Frage 7
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[blank_start]Biological[blank_end] age is a measure of how well or poorly your body is functioning relative to your actual calendar age.
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Biological
Frage 8
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[blank_start]Plasticity[blank_end]: whether we develop into someone different from who we are at an earlier point in development (change is likely)
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Plasticity
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Stability
Frage 9
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A [blank_start]theory[blank_end] is an orderly integrated set of statements that describes, explains, and predicts.
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theory
Frage 10
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_________ theory: the process is the same but the speed or rate changes; involves gradual/cumulative changes.
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Continuous
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Discontinuous
Frage 11
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________ theory: the way we change is completely different from one stage to the next
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Continuous
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Discontinuous
Frage 12
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Nature refers to an organisms biological inheritance.
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- True
- False
Frage 13
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[blank_start]Stability[blank_end]: is shaped by early experience or genetics; unlikely to change (to what degree do we become older renditions of our earlier selves)
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Stability
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Plasticity
Frage 14
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Nature refers to environmental experiences.
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- True
- False
Frage 15
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Modern developmental theorists advocate that all development is [blank_start]plastic[blank_end].
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plastic
Frage 16
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[blank_start]Resilience[blank_end] is the ability to adapt effectively in the face of threats to development.
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Resilience
Frage 17
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The [blank_start]id[blank_end] is the impulsive (and unconscious) part of our psyche which responds directly and immediately to the instincts.
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id
Frage 18
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The [blank_start]ego[blank_end] is the decision making component of personality. (works by reason)
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ego
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id
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superego
Frage 19
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The _________ incorporates the values and morals of society which are learned from one's parents and others. It develops around the age of 3 – 5 during the phallic stage of psychosexual development. (controls impulses)
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id
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superego
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ego
Frage 20
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According to B.F. Skinner, through ________ __________ the consequences of a behavior produce changes in the the probability of the behavior's occurrence.
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Social Learning
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Operant Conditioning
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Classical Conditioning
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Information Processing
Frage 21
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Badura's research relied heavily on _________ ___________, which occurs through observing what others do.
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classical conditioning
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operant conditioning
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observational learning
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social learning
Frage 22
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Bandura's model of learning and development includes all of the following:
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history
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behavior
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the person/cognition
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environment
Frage 23
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________________ holds that behavior, environment, and cognition are the key factors in development.
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Social Cognitive Theory
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information-processing theory
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Operant conditioning
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Learning Theory
Frage 24
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Bronfrenbrenner's [blank_start]ecological theory[blank_end] holds that development reflects the influence of several environmental systems.
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ecological theory
Frage 25
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The [blank_start]microsystem[blank_end] is the setting in which the individual lives. This includes: family, peers, school, and neighborhood.
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microsystem
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macrosystem
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exosystem
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mesosystem
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chronosystem
Frage 26
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The __________ involves relations between microsystems or connections between contexts. This includes school experiences, church experiences, family experiences , and peer experience.
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macrosystem
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microsystem
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mesosystem
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exosystem
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chronosystem
Frage 27
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The [blank_start]exosystem[blank_end] consists of links links between individual's immediate context and social setting in which the individual does not play an active role. (Ex. mother's experience at work. promotion = more travel, increased parental conflict, changes of interaction with child)
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exosystem
Frage 28
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The [blank_start]macrosystem[blank_end] involves the culture in which individuals live. (The cultural contexts involve the socioeconomic status of the person and/or family, ethnicity or race and living in a still developing or a third world country. For example, being born to a poor family makes a person work harder every day.)
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macrosystem
Frage 29
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The chronosystem consists of the patterning of environmental events and transitions over the life course. (Ex. Divorce)
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- True
- False
Frage 30
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John Watson's [blank_start]Classical conditioning[blank_end] theory involves learning a new behavior via the process of association. In simple terms two stimuli are linked together to produce a new learned response in a person or animal.
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Classical conditioning
Frage 31
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The ____________ stage is where children begin to go beyond simply connecting sensory info with physical action and represent the world with words, images, and drawings.
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preoperational
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formal operational
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concrete operational
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sensorimotor
Frage 32
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Piaget's Four Stages of Cognitive Development include:
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Sensorimotor (0-2 yrs)
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Concrete Operational (7-11 yrs)
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Formal Operational (11-adulthood)
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Preoperational (2-7 yrs)
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Sensory Operational (0-2 yrs)
Frage 33
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The ______________ stage is the stage where infants construct an understanding of the world by coordinating sensory experiences. (hearing, seeing)
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preoperational
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sensorimotor
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concrete operational
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formal operational
Frage 34
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Vygotsky's [blank_start]sociocultural[blank_end] theory stresses the fundamental role of social interaction in the development of cognition.
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sociocultural
Frage 35
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The _____________ stage, individuals move beyond concrete experiences and think in abstract and more logical terms. (think about ideal circumstances)
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concrete operational
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sensorimotor
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formal operational
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preoperational
Frage 36
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The ______________ stage where children can preform operations that involve objects and they can reason logically when the reasoning can be applied to specific or concrete examples.
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preoperational
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formal operational
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sensorimotor
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concrete operational
Frage 37
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By the time most women realize they are pregnant, and schedule an appointment with a healthcare provider (10-12 wks) [blank_start]organogenesis[blank_end] is nearly complete
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organogenesis
Frage 38
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During organogenesis all of the following are formed
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heart
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spinal canal
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eyes
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limbs
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genitalia
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brain
Frage 39
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Poor dental hygiene can increase the risk for preterm labor and birth.
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- True
- False
Frage 40
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1st trimester is the period of ________.
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radiant health
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adjustment
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watchful waiting
Frage 41
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2nd trimester is the period of _________.
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radiant health
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adjustment
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watchful waiting
Frage 42
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Fetal Development 6-7 weeks
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placenta begins to form
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uterus is small orange
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internal organs are formed
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"fetus" at 7 weeks
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has fingernails/toenails
Frage 43
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3rd trimester is the period of
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radiant health
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watchful waiting
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adjustment
Frage 44
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At 36 weeks birth can occur at anytime.
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- True
- False
Frage 45
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1st stage of labor is [blank_start]onset of labor[blank_end].
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onset of labor
Frage 46
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Early labor means the woman can still talk, laugh, joke and does not take full focus to deal with contractions.
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- True
- False
Frage 47
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Dilation goes from 1cm to 12cm.
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- True
- False
Frage 48
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The 3rd stage of labor is [blank_start]delivering the placenta[blank_end].
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delivering the placenta
Frage 49
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Active labor is still the 1st stage of labor.
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- True
- False
Frage 50
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Latent Phase of Labor is in the second stage of labor.
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- True
- False
Frage 51
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The [blank_start]birth[blank_end] is the 2nd stage of Labor.
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birth
Frage 52
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Uncontrolled bleeding (postpartum hemorrhage) is the leading cause of maternal mortality around the world.
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- True
- False
Frage 53
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DNA is
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deoxyribonucleaic acid: strings of amino acid pairs; substance of which genes and chromosomes are made.
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units of hereditary information composed of segments of DNA located along the chromosomes
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threadlike structures made up of DNA; store and transmit genetic information
Frage 54
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Genes are
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deoxyribonucleaic acid: strings of amino acid pairs; substance of which genes and chromosomes are made.
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units of hereditary information composed of segments of DNA located along the chromosomes
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threadlike structures made up of DNA; store and transmit genetic information
Frage 55
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Chromosomes are
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threadlike structures made up of DNA; store and transmit genetic information
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deoxyribonucleaic acid: strings of amino acid pairs; substance of which genes and chromosomes are made
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units of hereditary information composed of segments of DNA located along the chromosomes
Frage 56
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[blank_start]Mitosis[blank_end] is a part of the cell cycle in which chromosomes in a cell nucleus are separated into two identical sets of chromosomes, each in its own nucleus.
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Mitosis
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Meiosis
Frage 57
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[blank_start]Autosomes[blank_end] are the 22 pairs of chromosomes that are not sex chromosomes.
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Autosomes
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Sex Chromosomes
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Xygotes
Frage 58
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[blank_start]Meiosis[blank_end] a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, as in the production of gametes and plant spores.
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Meiosis
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Mitosis
Frage 59
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[blank_start]Sex chromosomes[blank_end] are:
23rd pair of chromosomes
Determines sex
XX = female, XY = male
“Sex-linked traits” are on this chromosome
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Sex chromosomes
Frage 60
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[blank_start]Gametes[blank_end] are sex cells. Sperm or ova
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Gametes
Frage 61
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[blank_start]Zygote[blank_end]: sperm and ova unite.
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Zygote
Frage 62
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Fraternal twins is one zygote that divides into two individuals.
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- True
- False
Frage 63
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There are 1 in [blank_start]60[blank_end] fraternal births in U.S
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60
Frage 64
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There are 1 in [blank_start]330[blank_end] Identical twin births in the U.S
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330
Frage 65
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Which groups are more likely to be poor?
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children
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women
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parents under 25 with young children
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elderly, living alone, especially women
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ethnic minorities
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adults 30-40
Frage 66
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[blank_start]Short-term Memory[blank_end] (Working Memory) —Mental processing unit where info stored temporarily.
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Short-term Memory
Frage 67
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[blank_start]Long-term Memory[blank_end] (Memory Storage)—Encyclopedic memory in which info is stored and from which it can be retrieved
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Long-term Memory
Frage 68
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______ correlation (niche picking) is when children select their own contexts that they find stimulating and rewarding
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Active
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Passive
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Evocative
Frage 69
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The perspective called [blank_start]information processing[blank_end] views the human mind as a symbol-manipulating system through which information flows, much as in a digital computer, with environmental stimuli as inputs and behavioral responses as outputs.
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information processing
Frage 70
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[blank_start]Incomplete[blank_end] dominance is when one allele doesn't completely mask another; result is somewhere in between.
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Incomplete
Frage 71
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[blank_start]Complete[blank_end] dominance is when one allele completely masks another one.
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Complete
Frage 72
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[blank_start]Codominance[blank_end] is when neither alleles are completely masked; little of each
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Codominance
Frage 73
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_________ correlation is when parents provide genes and environment. Ex) seeing parents read so you read
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Active
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Passive
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Evocative
Frage 74
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_________ correlation is when different genes elicit different responses from their environment. ex) receiving positive feedback for being good at reading.
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Active
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Evocative
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Passive
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