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Quiz von Thea Ampofo, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Thea Ampofo
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Frage 1
Frage
Thorough patient preparation should include which of the following
Antworten
-
Proper patient screening
-
Complete patient medical history
-
Adequate patient education
-
All of the above
Frage 2
Frage
Proper patient screening should include which of the following
Antworten
-
The elimination of any loose metal objects and personal items
-
The identification of any possible contraindications
-
The identification of any biomedical implants
-
All of the above
Frage 3
Frage
Complete medical history should include which of the following
Antworten
-
Patient age, sex, and weight
-
Current physical symptoms
-
Previous surgeries and associated medical problems
-
All of the above
Frage 4
Frage
Adequate patient education should include which of the following
Antworten
-
Thorough description of the procedure
-
Complete physics review
-
The importance of remaining still
-
Thorough description of the procedure & The importance of remaining still
Frage 5
Frage
Ancillary equipment that should be excluded from the magnetic room includes
which of the following
Antworten
-
Ferrous oxygen tanks
-
Battery powered IV pumps
-
Ferrous scissors, pens and hemostats
-
All of the above
Frage 6
Frage
Ancillary equipment that should be included in an MRI department includes
which of the following
Antworten
-
Non-ferrous wheelchair or stretcher
-
Proper monitoring equipment for sedated patients
-
A crash cart for emergency situations
-
All of the above
Frage 7
Frage
Which of the following ancillary staff should be trained in the safety procedures
of the MRI department?
Antworten
-
Janitorial staff
-
Nursing staff
-
MRI department clerical staff
-
All of the above
Frage 8
Frage
Which of the following pieces of equipment should be used and or available
when sedating patients for an MRI examination
Antworten
-
Pulse oximeter
-
Blood pressure monitor
-
Crash cart
-
All of the above
Frage 9
Frage
Which of the following patient injuries can be caused by improper placement
of cardiac leads
Antworten
-
Patient burns
-
Temporary hearing loss
-
Short term memory loss
-
None of the above
Frage 10
Frage
RF coils should be looped during scanning to improve signal to noise.
Antworten
-
True
-
False
Frage 11
Frage
Which of the following is an important environmental consideration necessary
to maintain proper computer and gradient function
Antworten
-
Temperature
-
Barometric pressure
-
Humidity
-
Temperature & Humidity
Frage 12
Frage
Which of the following objects should not be permitted past the 5 gauss line
Antworten
-
Cardiac pacemaker
-
Hearing aids
-
Neuro stimulators
-
All of the above
Frage 13
Frage
Which of the following objects will be affected by a magnetic field of 10
gauss or higher
Antworten
-
Video cameras
-
Monitors
-
Cameras
-
All of the above
Frage 14
Frage
Metal implants within the body, depending on the location, can pose what type
of problems during the MRI exam
Antworten
-
Torque
-
Heating
-
Artifacts
-
All of the above
Frage 15
Frage
Hazards to patients and technologists due to ferromagnetic objects within the
scan room include which ofthe following
Antworten
-
Metal projectiles
-
Tissue burns
-
Image artifacts
-
None of the above
Frage 16
Frage
The force on a ferromagnetic object placed in a magnetic field is dependent
upon which of the following factors
Antworten
-
The mass of the object
-
The distance from the magnet
-
The object's orientation to the magnet
-
All of the above
Frage 17
Frage
Which of the following patients should be absolutely excluded from having an
MRI exam
Antworten
-
Patients with hip replacements
-
Patients with titanium aneurysm clips
-
Patients with cardiac pacemakers
-
Patients with cornea implants
Frage 18
Frage
Which of the following patients should be monitored with a pulse oximeter
during an MRI procedure
Antworten
-
Sedated patients
-
Unconscious patients
-
Patients with weak voices or hearing problems
-
All of the above
Frage 19
Frage
Which of the following hazards can occur due to an improperly ventilated
quench
Antworten
-
Frostbite due to decrease room temperature
-
Hearing loss due to increased air pressure in the scan room
-
Patient suffocation due to loss of oxygen
-
All of the above
Frage 20
Frage
The magnetic field that surrounds the Earth has what field strength
Antworten
-
.5 Tesla
-
.6 Tesla
-
.5 Gauss
-
1.5 Tesla
Frage 21
Frage
Biological effects associated with exposure to static magnetic fields below
2 tesla include which of the following
Antworten
-
Increased amplitude at the T wave on an EKG
-
Nausea and vomiting
-
Minimal increase in body temperature
-
Increased amplitude at the T wave on an EKG & Minimal increase in body temperature
Frage 22
Frage
Biological effects associated with exposure to static magnetic fields above
2 tesla include which of the following
Antworten
-
Fatigue
-
Headaches
-
Hypotension
-
All ofthe above
Frage 23
Frage
Possible biological effects associated with exposure to gradient magnetic
fields at levels higher than that used in MRI include which of the following
Antworten
-
Voltage produced in conductive tissue
-
Hypertension
-
Tissue bums
-
None of the above
Frage 24
Frage
Biological effects associated with exposure to radio frequency include which
of the following
Antworten
-
Induction of electrical currents in tissue
-
Heating due to tissue resistance
-
Radiation poisoning
-
Induction of electrical currents in tissue & Heating due to tissue resistance
Frage 25
Frage
The rate at which a patient can safely dissipate excess heat caused by RF
energy is known as
Antworten
-
Specific absorption time
-
Specific absorption rate
-
Signal absorption rate
-
None of the above
Frage 26
Frage
Specific absorption rate is expressed in units of
Antworten
-
Watts/kg
-
Ohms/kg
-
Amps/kg
-
Watts/lb
Frage 27
Frage
Heating that is directly associated with the RF pulse sequence should not
increase the core body temperature greater than
Antworten
-
1 degree Fahrenheit
-
1 degree Kelvin
-
10 degrees Celsius
-
1 degree Celsius
Frage 28
Frage
Which of the following is a biological effect unique to echo planar imaging
Antworten
-
Visual phosphenes
-
Muscular twitches in face and back
-
Tissue bums
-
None of the above
Frage 29
Frage
Specific absorption rate is dependent upon which factor(s)
Antworten
-
Induced electrical field and tissue density
-
Patient size and pulse duty cycle
-
Tissue conductivity
-
All of the above
Frage 30
Frage
The recommended whole body SAR limit for MR imaging is
Antworten
-
.4 Watts/kg
-
3.2 Watts/kg
-
8 Watts/kg
-
4.0 Watts/kg
Frage 31
Frage
The recommended SAR limit for safely imaging the head is
Antworten
-
.4 Watts/k
-
3.2 Watts/kg
-
8 Watts/kg
-
4.0 Watts/kg
Frage 32
Frage
The recommended SAR limit for safely imaging small volumes is
Antworten
-
.4 Watts/kg
-
3.2 Watts/kg
-
8 Watts/kg
-
4.0 Watts/kg
Frage 33
Frage
The effect of MRI contrast media on tissue relaxation rates is known as
Antworten
-
Relaxation
-
Relaxivity
-
Realization
-
None of the above
Frage 34
Frage
Contrast agents presently used in MRI have what type of effect on tissue
Antworten
-
Increase T2 relaxation times
-
Decrease Tl relaxation times
-
Increase Tl relaxation times
-
None of the above
Frage 35
Frage
The first material used by Felix Bloch to change magnetic relaxation times was
known as
Antworten
-
Niobium-Titanium
-
Gadopentetate dimeglumine
-
Ferric Nitrate
-
Nickel-Cadmium
Frage 36
Frage
The first use of a paramagnetic agent on a human subject was in what year
Antworten
-
1976
-
1981
-
1946
-
1973
Frage 37
Frage
The first oral MRl contrast agent used in a human subject was known as
Antworten
-
Niobium-Titanium
-
Ferric Chloride
-
Ferric Nitrate
-
Gadopentetate dimeglumine
Frage 38
Frage
The first intravenous MRl contrast agent that was used on a human subject
was known as
Antworten
-
Niobium-Titanium
-
Ferric Chloride
-
Ferric Nitrate
-
Gadopentetate dimeglumine
Frage 39
Frage
Gadolinium has how many unpaired electrons in its outermost orbit
Antworten
-
5
-
7
-
9
-
11
Frage 40
Frage
MRI contrast agents known as TI agents produce what type of contrast
on Tl weighted images
Antworten
-
Positive
-
Negative
Frage 41
Frage
MRl contrast agents known as T2 agents produce what type of contrast
on T2 weighted images
Antworten
-
Positive
-
Negative
Frage 42
Frage
MRI contrast agents known as T2 agents have what type of effect on tissue
Antworten
-
Increase T2 relaxation times
-
Increase Tl relaxation times
-
Decrease T2 relaxation times
-
None of the above
Frage 43
Frage
Which ofthe following is a requirement for a chemical before it can be used as
an MRI contrast medium
Antworten
-
It must decrease magnetic relaxation times
-
Must be non-ionic
-
Must be biologically compatible with the human body
-
It must decrease magnetic relaxation times & Must be biologically compatible with the human body
Frage 44
Frage
The chemical compounds used to bind the metallic ion in MRI contrast agents
are known as
Antworten
-
Hydrophilies
-
Chelates
-
Macrophanges
-
None of the above
Frage 45
Frage
To minimize MRl contrast agent's toxicity, the agent should be
Antworten
-
Excreted intact by the kidneys
-
Excreted intact by the gallbladder and intestines
-
Released within the body
-
Excreted intact by the kidneys & Excreted intact by the gallbladder and intestines
Frage 46
Frage
The amount of a drug required to cause death in half ofa sample of laboratory
mice is known as
Antworten
-
LDso
-
LRso
-
Median lethal dose
-
LDso & Median lethal dose
Frage 47
Frage
Which of the following is the median lethal dose of Gadopentetate
dimeglumine
Antworten
-
.5 mmol/kg
-
5 mmol/kg
-
1 mmol/kg
-
10-20 mmol/kg
Frage 48
Frage
Contrast agents that stay electrically neutral in water and do not separate into
ions are said to be
Antworten
-
Hydrophilic
-
Nonionic
-
Ionic
-
None of the above
Frage 49
Frage
Contrast agents that separate into charged ions in water are said to be
Antworten
-
Hydrophobic
-
Nonionic
-
Ionic
-
None of the above
Frage 50
Frage
The diffusion of fluid thorough a semipermeable membrane such as the wall
of a living cell is known as
Antworten
-
Hydrosis
-
Ionization
-
Osmosis
-
None of the above
Frage 51
Frage
The osmolality of a contrast agent is measured in what unit
Antworten
-
Osmoles per kilogram of water (Osm/kg)
-
Milliosmoles per kilogram of water (mOsm/kg)
-
Milliliters per kiloliter (mllkl)
-
Osmoles per kilogram of water (Osm/kg) & Milliosmoles per kilogram of water (mOsm/kg)
Frage 52
Frage
The effective clinical dosage of gadolinium is how many millimoles per
kilogram of body weight
Antworten
-
1:0 mmol/kg
-
0.1 mmol/kg
-
10 mmol/kg
-
20 mmol/kg
Frage 53
Frage
Which of the following is a possible side effect of gadopentetate
dimeglumine
Antworten
-
Mild, temporary headaches
-
Nausea
-
Vomiting
-
All of the above
Frage 54
Frage
Gd DTPA, also known as Magnevist, is bound by which chelate
Antworten
-
Bismethylamide
-
Diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid
-
Tertraazacyclododecane tetraacetic acid
-
None of the above
Frage 55
Frage
Gd DOTA, also known as Dotarem, is bound by what chelate
Antworten
-
Bismethylamide
-
Diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid
-
Tertraazacyclododecane tetraacetic acid
-
None of the above
Frage 56
Frage
Gd DTPA-BMA, also known as Omniscan, is bound by what chel
Antworten
-
Bismethylamide
-
Diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid
-
Tertraazacyclododecane tetraacetic acid
-
None of the above
Frage 57
Frage
Gadoteridol, also known as ProHance, is based on what type of molecular
structure
Antworten
-
Linear ionic
-
Linear nonionic
-
Macrocyclic ionic
-
Macrocyclic nonionic
Frage 58
Frage
Gadopentetate dimeglumine, also known as Magnevist, is based on what type
of molecular structure
Antworten
-
Linear ionic
-
Linear nonionic
-
Macrocyclic ionic
-
Macrocyclic nonionic
Frage 59
Frage
Gadodiamide, also known as Omniscan, is based on what type of molecular
structure
Antworten
-
Linear ionic
-
Linear nonionic
-
Macrocyclic ionic
-
Macrocyclic nonionic
Frage 60
Frage
Gadoterate meglumine, also known as Dotarem, is based on what type of
molecular structure
Antworten
-
Linear ionic
-
Linear nonionic
-
Macrocyclic ionic
-
Macrocyclic nonionic
Frage 61
Frage
Which of the following is a clinical indication for the use of MRI contrast
agents
Antworten
-
CNS tumors
-
Post surgical lumbar discs
-
Infection
-
All of the above
Frage 62
Frage
Structures that are outside the blood brain barrier are said to be
Antworten
-
Extra axial
-
Intra axial
-
Para axial
-
None of the above
Frage 63
Frage
The type of neoplasms in the head that enhance primarily due to their increase
in vascularity are known as
Antworten
-
Intra axial neoplasms
-
Extra axial neoplasms
-
Metastatic neoplasms
-
None of the above
Frage 64
Frage
Which of the following is an example of an extra axial neoplasm
Antworten
-
Meningioma
-
Astrocytoma
-
Acoustic Neuroma
-
Meningioma & Astrocytoma
Frage 65
Frage
The type ofneoplasms in the head that enhance primarily due to the
breakdown of the blood brain barrier are known as
Antworten
-
Intra axial neoplasms
-
Extra axial neoplasms
-
Acoustic neuromas
-
None of the above
Frage 66
Frage
Which of the following is an example of an intra axial neoplasm
Antworten
-
Acoustic neuroma
-
Meningioma
-
Astrocytoma
-
Acoustic neuroma & Meningioma
Frage 67
Frage
Which area outside the blood brain barrier shows normal enhancement with
the injection of gadolinium
Antworten
-
Choroid plexus
-
Pineal gland
-
Pituitary gland
-
All of the above
Frage 68
Frage
Which ofthe following is an example of a non-neoplastic disease of the brain
that enhances with the injection of gadolinium
Antworten
-
Meningitis
-
Demyelinating disease
-
Cerebral infection
-
All of the above
Frage 69
Frage
Neoplasms within the spinal cord are said to be located in which of the
following locations
Antworten
-
Intramedullary
-
Extramedullary Intradural
-
Extradural
-
None of the above
Frage 70
Frage
Neoplasms outside the spinal cord but within the CSF space are said to be
located in which of the following locations
Antworten
-
Intramedullary
-
Extramedullary Intradural
-
Extradural
-
None of the above
Frage 71
Frage
Neoplasms of the spine that are outside the spinal cord and outside the CSF
space are said to be located in which of the following locations
Antworten
-
Intramedullary
-
Extramedullary Intradural
-
Extradural
-
None of the above
Frage 72
Frage
Which of the following pathologies of the spine is an indication for the use
of an MRl contrast agent
Antworten
-
Spinal cord infection
-
Recurrent disc herniation
-
Intramedullary neoplasm
-
All of the above
Frage 73
Frage
Which of the following is a contraindication for the use of gadolinium
Antworten
-
Patients with history of metastatic cancer
-
Patients with history of asthma
-
Patients with history of metal implants
-
No known contraindications
Frage 74
Frage
Which of the following is a precaution for the use of gadolinium
Antworten
-
Patients with sickle cell anemia
-
Patients with a history of grand mal seizures
-
Patients with a history of asthma
-
All of the above
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