vocabulary international relations

Abrogate:

• * Revoke formally.
• Example: His government has abrogated constitutional amendments curbing presidential powers, which were introduced after the Orange Revolution (New York Times, 2011)
• https://www.nytimes.com/2011/08/06/world/europe/06ukraine.html

Accession:

• *The right to enter:
• Example: Accession negotiations are expected to take about 10 years.
• Another example -> Watch video
• Acquiring Property through Accession (Einbetten)

Counterpart:

• *A person or thing having the same function as another.
• Example: "In the framework of diplomatic relations it was customary for Byzantine emperors and Muslim rulers, especially the 'Abbāsids and the Fātimids, as well as for Muslim rulers between themselves, to exchange precious gifts, with which they attempted to impress or surpass their counterparts," remarks David Jacoby.
• US Sec of Def Panetta meets Japanee counterpart, news briefing (Einbetten)

Displaced person:

• *A person forced to flee from home or country
• Example: "The Syrian Democratic Forces said in a statement that fighting Friday night in the Hajin camp for displaced persons left 20 IS gunmen and “several” SDF fighters dead" (Seattle Times, 2018)
• Who is an Internally Displaced Person? (Einbetten)

Asylum seeker:

• *A person who flees his or her home country, 'spontaneously' enters another country and applies for asylum.
• Example: "...student who refused to sit down on a passenger plane in protest against the deportation of an Afghan asylum seeker who was also on board." (The Independent, 2018)
• Who is an Asylum Seeker? (Einbetten)

Refugee:

• *Someone who has been forced to flee his or her country because of persecution, war or violence.
• Example: "The Greek island of Lesbos has become synonymous with the story of Europe's refugee crisis." (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GvzZGplGbL8
• Who is a Refugee? (Einbetten)

Stateless person:

• *Someone who is not a citizen of any country. Citizenship is the legal bond between a government and an individual, and allows for certain political, economic, social and other rights of the individual, as well as the responsibilities of both government and citizen.
• Example: "The period of temporary stay in Azerbaijan for foreigners and stateless persons has been increased" (Trend News Agency, 2018)
• What Does It Mean To Be Stateless? (Einbetten)

Alliance system:

• *Political, economic or military alignment of nations; promotes the common interests of members
• Example: The alliance system was one of the main causes of World War One.
• 5 Major Treaties & Alliances in the Build Up to World War One (Einbetten)

Balance of power:

• *Nations aligning themselves to maitain peace and security; no one nation able to impose a major threat on others
• Example: "America is getting a third chance to strike the right balance between nationalism and globalism." (The National Interest Online, 2018)
• Labour to 'restore balance of power' (Einbetten)

Bipolar world:

• *World co-domination of two superpowers with opposing ideologies.
• Example: The section 'Towards a bipolar world (1945–1953)' describes the early days of the Cold War.
• China: Living in the Bipolar World (Einbetten)

Cooperation:

• *Supportive action of joining together for commin interests
• Example: "China is ready to join efforts with Greece to intensify high-level exchanges, deepen mutually beneficial cooperation" (Xinhua, 2018)
• AU seeks cooperation and increasing threat of cybercrime (Einbetten)

Cultural imperialism:

• *The spread and domination of a particular nation's culture, values and beliefs throughout the world by way of trade, electronic communication, businesses and the media.
• Example: "... insistence on normalizing a name for white Americans is actually the very definition of cultural imperialism, which is awful and oppressive." (CNN, 2018
• American cultural imperialism v2 (Einbetten)

Domestic policy:

• *A govenment's plan to deal with internal issues of the country
• Example: "Trump address to UN overshadowed by messy domestic politics ... international agenda is being overshadowed by domestic political troubles." (The Washington Post, 2018)
• Trump facing slew of foreign and domestic policy challenges (Einbetten)

Foreign policy:

• *A government's plan to deal with international issues that impact it.
• Example: "... the Bureau of International Information Programs to explore a possible merger, a State Department spokesman confirmed to Foreign Policy." (Foreign Policy, 2018)
• Analyzing America's foreign policy heading into 2018 (Einbetten)

Globalization:

• *The growing economic and cultural interdependence of nations
• Example: "Globalization presents a fundamental dilemma for the Democratic Party" (AlterNet, 2018)
• Globalization easily explained (explainity® explainer video) (Einbetten)

Hegemon:

• *The most powerful political, economic and military natio-state in the world.
• Example: "ARM's scandalous IP transfer to the emerging Chinese hegemon" (Telegraph.co.uk, 2018)
• China looking forward: dominant superpower or reluctant hegemon? (Einbetten)

International relations:

• *Multilateral interaction between nation states
• Example: " Russian President Vladimir Putin is absolutely against isolationism in international relations..." (TASS, 2018)
• Trump's influence on international relations (Einbetten)

International system:

• *Maintaining a beneficial and peaceful pattern of interaction among major gobal players
• Example: "Pressure is building in the international system, to get justice for the death of Jamal Khashoggi" (The Speaker, 2018)
• International system has failed Syria - BBC News (Einbetten)

Major players/actors:

• *Countries, organizations and institutions that have a great influence on world affairs
• Example: “All three major players, Najib, Anwar, and particularly Mahathir, are leftovers from a different era. Their failure to encourage younger players to emerge out of the political vortex is damning of the entire system of politics as it is played there.” (The Diplomat, 2018)
• Who are the major players in the North Korea summit? (Einbetten)

Multinational corporations

• *Private companies that have operations and or divisions in many countries
• Example: "With 25 years of development, CMC has been providing ICT products and services for major partners from multinational corporations" (PR Newswire, 2018)
• Word of the Day: Multinational Corporation (MNC) (Einbetten)

National interest

• *A country determining its involvement in the world affairs based on the outcome or benefits it receives
• Example: "... the standards of traditional morality in the interest of securing power and important relationships might have on critical national interests." (The National Interest Online, 2018)
• Sebastian Gorka: National interest must trump charity (Einbetten)

National sovereignty

• *A nation's right to establish its own form of government and laws without external influence
• Example: "Chinese envoy urges respect for national sovereignty over natural resources" (Xinhua, 2018)
• South Sudan gov't says arms embargo will undermine national sovereignty (Einbetten)

Nation

• *A group of people who share a common identity; language, history, culture ect.. but lack a defined country ex.Kurds, Palestines, Kashmir
• Example: "The county commissioner opted not to respond to Mr Wa Iria's accusations, telling the Nation that he would not comment on the matter." (Daily nation 2018)
• CBS News Nation Tracker poll: Americans give Trump credit for economy (Einbetten)

Nation-state

• *Most powerful political unit in the world; having definite boundaries and organized institutions
• Example: "Facebook has tentatively concluded that spammers looking to make money, and not a nation- state" (Irish time, 2018)
• Why Countries Exist: The Rise of the Nation State in 6 Minutes (Einbetten)

Non governmental organizations

• *Nonprofit internaltional agencies having a particular common cause.
• Example: "Burundi's government has suspended the operations of non-governmental organizations for three months" (Fox News, 2018)
• On the importance of Non Governmental Organizations (NGO's) (Einbetten)

Regional blocs

• *Specific areas of the world cooperating together for political, economic and social reasons.
• Example:"The emerging trend of regional bloc groupings in Kenya is a concept that should be embraced by all" (Daily Nation, 2018)
• Do Regional trade blocs affect developing countries? (Einbetten)

Transnational agencies

• *Organizations trying to promote global unity for peace and security
• Example:"...legislatures to executive and judicial agencies within the nation-state, and by enabling treaties and transnational agencies like the European Union" (The National Interest Online, 2018)
• Transnational programmes and EU macro-regional strategies. What is the difference? (Einbetten)

Transnational pressures

• *Global problems that undermine the power and status of many nation-states
• Example: "But with the ongoing erosion of Australia's international stocks and transnational pressures mounting " (The Conversation, 2015)
• Analysis: Why Japan urging pressure on N Korea? (Einbetten)

Unipolarity

• *The existence of a particularly powerful state that is both able and willing to manage the international system
• Example: "S-300 missiles may help usher in the demise of U.S. unipolarity" (Tehran Times, 2018)
• What is Polarity in International Relations? (Einbetten)

Issue areas

• *Distinct spheres of international activity (such as global trade negotiations) within which policy makers of various states face conflicts and sometimes achieve cooperation
• Example: "As the foundation’s chief executive Martha Powell put it: “The issue areas in this report have emerged as some of the most significant challenges our community faces, and those that we feel are particularly relevant to fostering a sense of belonging.”' (The London Free Press, 2018)
• Global Fund for Women's Issue Areas (Einbetten)