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it revision slides

protheroc3 Englisch 59 Folien

it revision slides

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  1. Internet protocols

  2. POP- Point of Presence

    • An access point to the internet. Normally, it is a location which contains all of the hardware
    • which allows internet users access to the internet. An Internet Service Provider (ISP) may
    • operate several PoP in their area to allow good access to the internet.
    • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1urmB4xDYQ0 (Einbetten)

  3. NAP- network Access Point

  4. IP- internet Protocol

    • Used to route packets of information across the internet.
    • An individual unit of data which is carried across a network, including the internet. It is madeup of a header which identifi es the packet and a body which is the actual data message. It
    • is one of the functions of the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) to organise an internet
    • message into packets.
    • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ITmj1E8620 (Einbetten)

  5. TCP- transmission control Protocol

    • The protocol which takes data from a user’s application program and passes it to the IP for
    • transfer across the internet. The reverse operation is performed at the destination computer,
    • i.e. the TCP reassembles the data (from individual packets) and forwards them to the user’s
    • application program. The close relation with the IP means that the terms are usually used in
    • combination, i.e. TCP/IP.
    • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KlZ3uZiULWk (Einbetten)

  6. FTP- File transfer Protocol

    • A standard protocol which allows files to be transferred between two computers on a TCP-based
    • network. It is commonly used to download programs to your computer from other servers and to
    • upload web pages that you have created to the server that is hosting them on the internet.
    • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=57wkPt7LbhU (Einbetten)

  7. ISP- internet service provider

    • Direct connection to the internet would be very costly and so an ISP provide a cost-effective gateway for people and organisations to get onto the internet. In the UK there are many ISP's, with some of the most popular ones being BT and Sky.
    • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b_9TqLR8fto (Einbetten)

  8. iSP services

  9. Server

    • A computer or program which runs purely to serve the needs of other computers. It runs special
    • server software to service the requirements of the users (clients). There are several types of servers,
    • including file servers and printer servers on a local area network (LAN), and web and email servers
    • that manage communication with the internet.

  10. Client

    • A computer which uses the services provided by the server.

  11. Router

    • A piece of hardware that connects two or more networks. In relation to the internet, data from
    • the ISP is sent into the network and the router then directs the data packets to the correct
    • destinations. The router also handles data travelling in the other direction. Routers can be
    • described as ‘directors of traffic’ for the networks.

  12. Connecting backbone

    • The main connecting data routes between large networks on the internet and smaller networks in local regions.

  13. How internet protocols works

    • How internet protocols works

  14. Wireless

    • Using microwaves to broadcast and transmit signals.

  15. Broadband

    • a high-capacity transmission technique using a wide range of frequencies, which enables a large number of messages to be communicated simultaneously

  16. Dial-up

    • access a computer system or service remotely via a telephone line.

  17. Bandwidth

    • Arange of frequencies within a given band, in a particular that is used for transmitting signal.

  18. Bit

    • A bit is the basic unit of information in computing and digital communications.

  19. Ethernet

    • Ethernet is a link layer protocol in the TCP/IP stack..

  20. The world wide web

  21. Hyperlink

  22. Web server

  23. Wizard

    • a help feature of a software package that automates complex tasks by asking the user a series of easy-to-answer questions.

  24. HTML

  25. HTML element

  26. URL

  27. Search engine

  28. CODEC

  29. Devices/components

    • Used as a generic term to
    • mean computers, peripheral
    • hardware, mobile telephones,
    • manufacturing plant,
    • environment monitors and many
    • other things.

  30. Peripheral

    • A device that can be attached to and used with a computer.

  31. Internet Packet

    • A network packet is a formatted unit of data carried by a packet-switched network. Computer communications links that do not support packets, such as traditional point-to-point telecommunications links, simply transmit data as a bit stream.
    • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bHsCrnVgtPI (Einbetten)

  32. Byte

    • a group of binary digits or bits (usually eight) operated on as a unit.

  33. USB

    • USB (Universal Serial Bus) is the most popular connection used to connect a computer to devices such as digital cameras, printers, scanners, and external hard drives.USB is a cross-platform technology that is supported by most of the major operating systems.

  34. Database

    • A database is a system for managing a collection of data. Data about a particular type
    • of thing. For example, customers or products are stored in a table.

  35. Client side processing

    • client-side processing is the use of a scripting language to create code on web pages
    • which provides interactivity. The important point is that the interaction takes place
    • within the web page and the code is downloaded to the user’s computer when the
    • web page is opened by the users browser.

  36. Server side prossesing

    • Server-side processing involves the use of scripts which reside and are run on another
    • computer on the internet (the web server). Information is submitted to a server which
    • processes it to provide results in the form of a web.
    • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DcBB2Fp8WNI (Einbetten)

  37. Bi-directional transmission

    • Bi-directional transmission has several meanings within data communication, but it
    • is essentially about transmitting in both directions.

  38. Packet switching

    • Packet switching is a digital networking communications method that groups all transmitted data into suitably sized blocks, called packets, which are transmitted via a medium that may be shared by multiple simultaneous communication sessions.
    • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dtpvGmQTXTA (Einbetten)

  39. Simplex

    • Simplex transmission: sends data in one direction only. A radio broadcast is a good
    • example of simplex transmission.

  40. Half Duplex

    • 2 Half-duplex transmission: allows two-way transmissions but the devices don’t transmit
    • at the same time. A system being used to monitor and control manufacturing processes
    • can use half-duplex transmissions. It will send a message to the control computer,
    • which will respond with new settings, but they both cannot send messages at the
    • same time. Some network systems use half-duplex to maximise bandwidth.

  41. Full Duplex

  42. Oppotunist

    • opportunist threats. People who fi nd an unattended computer which has been
    • left logged in to a system may view, steal or damage information, programs or even
    • hardware.

  43. Virus

    • viruses. These are small programs which can replicate themselves and
    • spread from computer to computer. They are never benefi cial; usually they will make
    • some changes to the system they infect and, even if they do no real damage, they
    • are undesirable. They arrive by attaching themselves to fi les or email messages.

  44. Trojan

  45. Phishing

    • Phishing. This is a type of threat which attempts to gain access to passwords,
    • fi nancial details and other such privileged information. Often this is done by email
    • messages pretending to come from trusted websites, instant messaging or social
    • networks. Normally they try to divert you to a website which looks original and which
    • asks for information about you.
    • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9TRR6lHviQc (Einbetten)

  46. Physical barriers

    • Physical barriers. These include turning off computers and locking offi ces when the
    • systems are unattended to prevent damage by people, the environment or theft.

  47. Password control

    • Password control. Passwords are sequences of characters, known only
    • to the computer user, which allow access to a computer, network or application.
    • Passwords should always be strong so that it is hard for someone else to guess them
    • or work them out.

  48. Access levels

  49. Anti virus software

    • Anti-virus software. This is set up to intercept computer viruses before they can
    • become resident on the computer. The software can isolate the virus, remove it and
    • sometimes repair any damage. Equivalent security programs exist for other types of malware.

  50. Firewall

  51. Encryption

    • Encryption. This is used to codify data so that it cannot be read by anyone who does
    • not have the key to the code. An algorithm, sometimes known as a cipher, is applied
    • to the data at the transmission end and the reverse is applied at the reception end.
    • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dut9EnbFym0 (Einbetten)

  52. Backup

    • Backup. Making a backup of data is the only way of recovering from a
    • total data disaster. Many individuals and organisations back up data to Flash, solid
    • state storage devices or magnetic tape at night. The tapes are stored safely in a
    • separate place, so that they are not destroyed by any disaster which could destroy
    • the master system.

  53. Data protection Act 1998

  54. Computer Misuse Act 1990

  55. Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988

  56. eight principles of the data protection act

    • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bTuPEZeEA68 (Einbetten)
    • the eight principles:
    • used fairly and lawfully.
    • used for limited, specifically stated purposes.
    • used in a way that is adequate, relevant and not excessive.
    • accurate.
    • kept for no longer than is absolutely necessary.
    • handled according to people’s data protection rights.
    • kept safe and secure.
    • not transferred outside the European Economic Area without adequate protection.

  57. Freedom of information act 2000

    • The Freedom of Information Act 2000. is an Act of Parliament of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that creates a public "right of access" to information held by public authorities. It is the implementation of freedom of information legislation in the United Kingdom on a national level.
    • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bcr9AdL7ttc (Einbetten)

  58. Online database

  59. Local database

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Folienset am it revision slides, erstellt von protheroc3 am 04/11/2015.
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