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cloud rev
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- 1How does ICT influence changes in businesses?- Various technological developments including:
- social media,
- mobile,
- analytics and cloud technologies
-have facilitated collaboration between and within:
- different sectors and stakeholders across the Australian economy,
- allowing businesses to reach new customers
- create innovative new products and services. - 2How your education is relevant to ICT Industry and Businesses in the future?- Jobs and employment models are continually changing with:
- technology,
- demographic shifts,
- consumer preferences
- social trends.
This results in a much more rapid transition and restructuring of labour markets in the near future than previously experienced. - 3Briefly explain why it is essential to continue building up the digital skills base required to meet future workforce demands across the Australian economy.Both the types of jobs people do and the way employees are engaged by employers is likely to change substantially.
- 4What are STEM skills?- science,
- technology,
- engineering
- mathematics - 5Why technology and knowledge driven economy needs workers trained with STEM skills?STEM skills are likely to be required for:
- work in a growing range of existing occupations in the future,
- and will also contribute to the creation of new professions. - 6What are the THREE (3) main sources of the future ICT workers?- re-training of the existing Australian workforce
- skilled migration
- graduates from ICT degrees - 7List and briefly describe FIVE (5) trends that are changing nature of business.- Technology (digitisation, automation, big data, AI, robotics, IoT, etc.)
- Social (aging population, worker skills, work arrangements, etc.)
- Economic (unemployment, wage rates, tax, etc)
- Environmental (urbanisation, climate change, green energy, water, etc.)
- Political (globalisation, migration, education system, mobility of labour, etc.) - 8Briefly explain your understanding of the following claim: "Students who are studying computing and ICT need to receive technical foundations such as coding and programming skills, as well as the knowledge and experience"- graduates need to be equipped with the skills and experiences that employers demand.
- able to apply these foundational skills in a business context. - 9What is a business entity and why is it formed?A business entity is an entity that is formed and administered in order to engage in:
- business activities, charitable work, or other activities allowable.
- Most often, business entities are formed to sell a product or a service. - 10List and describe 4 examples of business models1. Freemium - Having the basics of the service but charging for additional services or features.
2. Franchise - Building chain stores to distribute goods
3. Subscription - Netflix
4. Direct sales - Selling consumers the product directly
5. Bricks and clicks - Allowing the user to buy online but being able to pick up from a physical store - 11Which FOUR (4) interrelated areas of specialisation are known as “enterprise architecture domains”?- Business architecture
- Application / Integration
- Data
- Technical Infrastrucutre - 12What is the difference between business and enterprise architecture?Business architecture represents a business in the absence of any IT architecture.
Enterprise architecture provides an overarching framework for business and IT architecture. - 13What do large organisations expect from “enterprise systems”?- Reliability
- Availability
- Data Storage
- Security
- Customisation - 14In regard to their usage (business purpose) briefly describe THREE (3) different types of business software.- Billing management
- Supply chain management
- Human resources - 15What is “The Open Group Architecture Framework” (TOGAF) and what does it provide?- Commonly used framework for enterprise architecture.
- It provides an approach for:
- deigning,
- planning,
- implementing
- governing. - 16What are the FIVE essential characteristics of cloud computing?- On demand self service
- Broad network access
- resource pooling
- Rapid Elasticity
- Measured service - 17Explain why is “rapid elasticity” an essential characteristic of cloud computingRapid elasticity = Rapid (quick) elasticity (expanding and shrinking)
is the capability of the cloud platform to provide and release capabilities (functions and resources) quickly, and doing so automatically as the scaling requirements of the consumer’s environment change. In other words functions and resources can be elastically provisioned and released by the service provider to meet the needs of the consumers. To the consumer, the capabilities (functions and resources) available for provisioning often appear to be unlimited and can be appropriated in any quantity at any time. - 18List any THREE advantages of "Software as a Service" (SaaS)- No need to store or install new software
- Up to date data
- Data is on the cloud - 19What cloud computing means to a business user?efficient access to IT resources when needed without the red tape and delays.
- 20What is the relationship between physical and abstraction layers in Cloud infrastructure?The physical layer consists of the hardware resources that are necessary to support the cloud services being provided, and typically includes server, storage and network components.
The abstraction layer consists of the software deployed across the physical layer, which manifests the essential cloud characteristics. Conceptually the abstraction layer sits above the physical layer. - 21How cloud computing model enables cost-effective business outcomes?through the use of shared application and computing services.
- 22What is the purpose of Service-Level Agreement - (SLA)Specifies the technical requirements to be fulfilled by the cloud provider
- 23What is managed or controlled by the Cloud consumer in PaaS?- Applications
- Data - 24Briefly describe three opportunities and challenges in adoption of cloud computing- Allows services to be used without understanding
- Cloud computing uses the economies of scale
- Data and services are stored remotely but can be accessed from anywhere
- Dependencies on others
- Security
- Policy and privacy to cloud services - 25List and briefly describe the four major groups of actors in cloud computing.- Cloud Consumers
- Providers
- Carriers – Interconnection providers from providers to the consumer. ISP
- Enablers – Sell products and services the facilitate delivery, adoption and use of cloud computing - 26Why are organisations adopting cloud technologies?- To Reduce Costs
- To Enhance Business Agility - 27Which five types of workloads are most frequently managed in the hybrid cloud environment?Batch workload
Transactional workload
Analytics workload
High performance workload
Database workload - 28How cloud technologies make businesses more agileDeploy business apps quicker
Less learning curve
Scale IT environment up or down - 29What type of workload is z/TPF Mainframe operating system suitable for and why?- TPF – transaction Processing Facility
- Companies with very high transaction volume (Bank or Airline company)
- Transactional workloads - 30List and briefly describe usage of the four mainframe operating systems.- Z/OS – Popular on bigger mainframes
- Z/VSE – Virtual Storage extended – Popular on smaller mainframes – Smaller less complex than Z/OS
- Z/VM - Part of IBM Virtual machine OS family
- Linux for system z - Linux running on a mainframe - 31How is mainframe "shared infrastructure" related to the first and the second the second layer of virtualisation?The mainframe contains Lpars which are bare mental frameworks and Lpar can run various virtual machine if the CPU power is provided. A hypervisor can also run on the second layer in LPAR.
- 32Which three virtualisation platforms can be used on a mainframe?- IBM PR/SM
- z/VM
- KVM - 33What type of workloads run on mainframes?- a batch workload (traditional scheduled)
- a transactional workload (traditional OLTP)
- an analytics workload (system z cloud)
- high-performance workloads (system z cloud)
- database workloads (traditional and system z cloud) - 34Briefly describe some benefits of running Linux on IBM Z mainframe platform- Linux is secure
- Reliable
- Stable
- High performing
- Saves money with virtualisation
- Cloud ready - 35What is vulnerability and what are vulnerabilities related to?Physical environment
Personnel
Management
Admin
Hardware
Software
Communication equipment - 36Which FOUR (4) steps make the “Threat Model”?1. Identify (Hackers etc.)
2. Rank the threats
3. Choose mitigation strategies
4. Build solutions based on the strategies - 37How is the “Threat Model” useful?A threat model helps in designing appropriate defences against particular attackers
Your solution and security countermeasures will depend on the particular threat model you want to address - 38What are the FOUR (4) attributes of Security?Cloud Confidentiality- defined as the assurance that sensitive information is not disclosed to unauthorised persons, processes, or devices.
Cloud Integrity -similar to confidentiality, the notion of integrity in cloud computing concerns both data integrity and computation integrity.
Cloud Availability - availability is crucial since the core function of cloud computing is to provide on-demand service of different levels.
Cloud Accountability - Accountability implies that the capability of identifying a party, with undeniable evidence, is responsible for specific events.
Cloud Privacy-Preservability - Privacy is yet another critical concern with regards to cloud computing due to the fact that customers data and business logic reside among distrusted cloud servers, which are owned and maintained by the cloud provider. - 39In Software as a Service (SaaS) distribution model cloud consumers share the same online application. What security issues arise from this multi-tenancy approach?All data will be stored on a shared database which can lead to corruption or data be replaced. Database segmentation is key and encryption for unwanted hackers.
- 40What is the major role of a Mainframe operating system such as z/OS?The OS is to manage the computers software and hardware and provides common services for computer programs.
- 41List and describe two major subsystems that are used for transaction services (management)- CICS – Customer information control system
- IMS – Information management system - 42How are steps and execution instructions for each batch job described to the system by system users?It is written in JCL which is job control language.
- 43What is the major role of JES (Job Entry System)?The JES major role is to take job requests and schedule them in Z/OS it is usually associated with batch processing.
- 44Your organisation have written a number of Java servlets. Which subsystem would be used on a Mainframe to serve the servlets.A websphere would be used. A WebSphere is a set of Java-based tools that allows customers to create and manage sophisticated business web sites. The websphere application tool can do this to manage servlets.
- 45Which Mainframe sub system takes care of security such as user accounts/passwords and authorisation services?RACF (Resource Access Control Facility)
- 46Why is Cloud Computing often described as a stack of services built on top of one another?It is described as this because well it simply is. The services can be mobile and desktop which sit at the top of the stack. As we go down the stack we talk about Platforms and storage and computing infrastructure at the bottom of the stack we have the network. All these come under Iaas, PaaS and SaaS being simple a stack of services that certain users have more access to.
- 47Which three parts define cloud computing "Service Management"?- Visibility – User request interface
- Control
- Automation – Automate requests - 48What is "OpenStack" and what does it maintain and control?OpenStack is a free and open-source software platform for cloud computing, mostly deployed as infrastructure-as-a-service, whereby virtual servers and other resources are made available to customers.
- 49How are objects retrieved from an object storage without knowing the physical location of the data?Each object is assigned a unique identifier which allows a server or end user to retrieve the object without needing to know the physical location of the data.
- 50How Docker containers differ from VM (virtual machines) in cloud?VM’s in a cloud would mean you’re running duplicates of the same guest. With containers you may be able to run 6 to 8 times as many VM’s/. Containers are self-contained unlike a hypervisor which runs a virtual machine and you need a host operating system.
- 51How software developers benefit from using Platform as a Service (PaaS)?The benefit for developers in using PaaS is the reduced complexity of building cloud-native apps, since the PaaS vendor assembles and maintains most of the underlying infrastructure and toolchain.
- 52What components are included in the Cloud Foundry’s architectural structure?- Integration with development tools
- Application deployment
- Application life-cycle management
- Integration with various cloud providers
- Application Execution - 53Why microservice has become a preferred way of creating enterprise applications?Easier to build and maintain as each component is developed separately
- 54What is the common definition of microservices?Microservice architecture, is an approach to application development in which a large application is built as a suite of modular components or services.
- 55What are the three common types of API and the four API business models- Private
- Public
- Partner
- Free
- Paid
- Shared
- Indirect - 56What are the four principles of RESTful serviceResource Identification through URI
Uniform Interface
Self-descriptive messages
Stateless interactions through hyperlinks - 57Explain What Is A “Resource” In REST?It is basically an object in orientated programming or an Entity in a Database
- 58Explain with examples usage of PUT and POST methods in RESTful API callPOST is used to create. The PUT method requests that the enclosed entity be stored under the supplied Request-URI .
- 59Explain with an example the format or URI in a REST based web serviceURI represents things or lists of things
- 60List and describe the THREE (3) benefits of statelessness in RESTful web servicesWeb services can treat each method request independently
Web services need not to maintain the clients previous interactions it simplifies the application design
As HTTP is itself a stateless protocol, RESTful Web services work seamlessly with the HTTP protocol - 61How Hospital Information Systems (HIS) address the needs of various departments in a hospital?Manage data related to the:
Clinic
Finance
Department
Lab
Nursing
Pharmacy
Radiology - 62Explain change of focus of the healthcare provider market from volume-based to valuebasedThe value based model wants to reward professionals and organisation providers on the basis of care cost-effectiveness and clinical case outcomes. This change required rapid innovation.
- 63List four reasons for increased growth in demand for Healthcare services.- Ageing population
- The increasing of chronic diseases
- Additional diseases or dis orders co-occurring with a primary disease
- Increasing interest in health by consumers - 64Which THREE problems in Healthcare are addressed by usage of Mainframes?Huge amount of data and storing it
Security of very personal data
Data compliance - 65Why are companies using a DevOps approach when developing cloud based software?To shorten the development cycle and save time and money which can give the organisation a competitive edge.
- 66What is the Goal of DevOps?Improve deployment frequency
Achieve faster time to market
Lower failure rate
Shorten time between fixes
Improve mean time to recovery - 67What Tools are used in DevOps?Source Code Repository
Build Server
Configuration Management
Virtual Infrastructure
Test Automation
Pipeline Orchestration
Unifying Enterprise Software Development and Delivery - 68List and describe any THREE common cloud related job roles and their additional responsibilities?- Vice President of IT / Chief information officer – Makes the decisions on going to cloud versus keeping processes in house
- IT Managers / IT Directors – Decide on automation needs and standards for cloud services
- Security Architects – Evaluates the companies data security in public hosted or share private environments - 69What is the mainframe production control analyst responsible for?Making sure batch workloads run to completion
- 70List SEVEN (7) stages of DevOps in order of their implementationPlan
Create
Verify
Packaging
Release
Configure
Monitor
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- Karteikarten am cloud rev, erstellt von Andre Clark am 14/11/2019.
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